6^th International Conference and Exhibition on Nutrition September 14-16, 2016 Hilton San Antonio Airport
San Antonio, Texas, USA

Hae-Jeung Lee is a professor at Gachon University in the Republic of Korea. She graduated and received her Ph.D. from Seoul National University. She worked as a research fellow at Harvard Medical School and Harvard Public Health School. She carried out projects using various national nutrition surveys and health promotion programs and policies upon request from various Korean governmental agencies including the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW), Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), and the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS). She has conducted numerous randomized clinical trials as well.

Disturbed eating behavior (DEB) might be easily proceeded to pathological eating disorder such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia in adolescents. It has been emphasized to manage DEB during adolescence. The DEBs of students with high academic achievement and high social economic status were scarcely evaluated in Korea. Thus, this study was performed to assess the prevalence of eating disturbances at elite private middle and high schools in Korea. Data were collected under the teacher’s control at elite private middle and high schools (EPS) in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. The total number of participants in middle and high schools was 247 (girls: 64.8%). Only one class of high school was included. Subjects who marked skewed answers such as “double responding” were excluded (n=12). EAT-26 Korean version was used for diagnosis of DEB. DEB was defined as scores of 20 or more on the EAT-26. SPSS version 18 was used for statistical analyses. Further statistical analyses were not able to perform due to the lack of sample distribution on DEB. As the results, in terms of sleep time per day, they slept 5.9 hours on average (boys: 6.5 hours, girls: 5.7 hours) and the total percentage of responding “often” and “very often” in the item “skipping meals in order to save time for studying” was 50.9% (boys: 41.8%, girls: 55.5%). The mean score of EAT-26 was 6.83 in total, 6.16 in boys, and 7.09 in girls. The number of DEB was too low to perform further statistical analyses compared with Korean nationwide adolescents’ DEB (EPS boys: 1.3%, girls: 3.0% VS nationwide boys: 10.5%, girls: 14.8%). Further study regarding eating behaviors for elite private school adolescents is required

SJ Park received her Ph.D degree in 2004 from Seoul National University in Korea and worked for Division of Epidemiology & Health Index, The Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention from 2004 to 2014 as a senior researcher. She is a Assistant Professor at Dept. of Food and Nutrition in Gachon University and Vice-Chief of Institute for Aging and Clinical Nutrition Research. Her research focuse on nutritional epidemiology, nutrigenomics, and cohort study

The association with depression and dietary patterns has been reported in a few studies. This study was conducted to investigate the association between dietary patterns and prevalence of depressive symptoms. Depressive symptomes were assessed using the Beck depression inventory (BDI) and those who BDI score ≥ 16 were defined depression. Food intake over the past year was estimated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression used to assess the association of dietary patterns with depression. In analysis, 1,625 women (aged 43-73 years) were included. We identified two major dietary patterns by using factor analysis: the healthy and the unhealthy dietary patterns. The healthy dietary pattern characterized by a high intake of vegetables, fishes, mushroom, bean and bean paste, seaweeds, shellfish, fruits and low intake of white rice, carbonated drink, coffee. Compared with participants in the lowest quartiles, those in the highest quartiles had significantly lower odds ratio(OR=0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.97, p=0.0372) for depression after adjusted for age, body mass index, exercise, smoking, drinking, marital status, total energy intake and chronic diseases status in healthy dietary pattern. This study suggests that adherence to a diet plenty in vegetables, mushroom, bean and bean paste and fruits reduce the risk of depression symptoms in Korean middle-aged and elderly women

Hideki Nakayama has completed his MSc from Kyoto University in 1995. He is the chief Researcher of House Foods Corporation, Tokyo, Japan and has engaged in research on health function of spices

Background: Curry, one of the most popular foods in Japan, contains spices that are rich in potentially antioxidative compounds, such as curcumin and eugenol. Oxidative stress is thought to impair endothelial function associated with atherosclerosis, a leading cause of cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to determine whether a single consumption of curry meal would improve endothelial function in healthy men. Methods: Fourteen healthy male subjects (BMI 23.7±2.7 kg/m2; age 45±9 years) were given a single serving of curry meal or spice-free control meal (180 g of curry or control and 200 g of cooked rice; approximately 500 kcal in total) in a randomized, controlled crossover design. Before and 1 hour after the consumption, fasting and postprandial flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) responses and other parameters were measured. Results: The consumption of the control meal decreased FMD from 5.8±2.4% to 5.1±2.3% (P=0.039). On the other hand, the consumption of the curry meal increased FMD from 5.2±2.5% to 6.6±2.0% (P=0.001) and the postprandial FMD after the curry meal was higher than that after the control meal (P=0.002). Presence of spices in the curry did not alter significantly the systemic and forearm hemodynamics or any biochemical parameters including oxidative stress markers measured. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the consumption of curry ameliorates postprandial endothelial function in healthy men and may be beneficial for improving cardiovascular health.

Yuta Maekawa is a fourth year PhD student at The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science in Yamaguchi University. His research focuses on the effect of lactoferrin, a glycoprotein found in various mammalian body fluids, on glucose metabolism. He was awarded the Student Award of XIIth International Conference on Lactoferrin, Structure, Function and Applications on 2015

Lactoferrin (Lf) is known for its physiologically pleiotropic properties. Nevertheless, the effects of Lf on glucose regulation have not been adequately analyzed. In the present study, we investigated whether Lf affects potential glycemic metabolism and glucose absorption from the small intestine in rats. Bovine Lf (bLf, 100 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered to rats before intravenous glucose injection (intravenous glucose tolerance test, IVGTT) or oral glucose administration (oral glucose tolerance test, OGTT). In IVGTT, bLf pretreatment had no significant effect on plasma glucose or insulin. In OGTT, the bLf group tended to show lower plasma glucose at and after the 15-min peak than the control group, and decreased at 180 min. The change in plasma insulin from 0 to 30 min was higher in the bLf group than in the control group. Total plasma GIP was lowered at 60 min by the bLf treatment, while an immediate increase in total plasma GLP-1 was observed within the bLf group undergoing OGTT. In addition, bLf was associated with an increase in the amount of glucose absorbed into the everted jejunum sac. These results suggest that Lf may have a potential to suppress hyperglycemia, accompanied by plasma insulin elevation via transiently accelerating GLP-1 secretion, and that Lf even enhances glucose absorption from the small intestine. Lf may have the potential to promote glucose metabolism via the so-called incretin effect

Monica Navarro Meza is a Graduate in Biology the University of Guadalajara, Master of Science from the Institute of Neurobiology, UNAM and Post-doctorate in endocrinology Intakes by the University of Oviedo, Spain. Her research interests include chronic degenerative diseases, genotoxicity and food, Neuronutricion, Food, Immunology and Genetics of chronic degenerative diseases.

Introduction: Eating behaviour in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) related to development and progression of complications. Objective was to evaluate biochemical serum indicators and eating habits. Method: A cross-sectional observational study of 34 adults (18-60 years), applied an eating behaviour instrument and evaluates biochemical serum indicators. Frequencies distribution and co-variance analysis with adjustment variables used. Results: The 18% reported normal weight, 44% overweight, 38% obesity. Levels glucose was related to avoid any foods dislike (p=0.037); cholesterol was associated with dislike of fish and seafood (p=0.046); not usually including dessert in main meal (p=0.04); sweeten fruit (p=0.028) and including non-sweeten fruit (p=0.002). Low-density lipoproteins were related to election food according to nutritional values (p=0.025), like to almonds, nuts, pistachios, and seeds were related to high-density lipoproteins. Triglycerides were associated to choose food because it´s visually pleasing (p=0.005), not reading nutritional (p=0.028), drinking portion major of fresh water in day (p=0.014), including soup or other entry in main meal (p=0.026) besides, tortilla, bread or tostadas (p=0.013). Insulin, was related with reading and understanding food’s nutritional labels (p=0.037); another person making meals (p=0.01), chewing frequently each bite more 25 times (p=0.006), liking fruits (p=0.002), vegetables (p=0.009), beans, lenses, chickpeas (p=0.039), egg (p=0.045). Interleukin 6 were associated with another person making meals (p=0.01), chewing each bite more 25 times (p=0.006), disliking fruits (p=0.012), not include fruit in main meal (p=0.006). Antioxidant capacity was related to liking almonds, nuts, seeds, pistachios (p=0.001). Conclusions: Eating behaviours could relate in protection or negative effect during T2DM progression.

Jeongseon Kim is a Professor in the Department of Cancer Control and Policy, GCSP. Kim has been primarily involved in the investigation of dietary factors, using epidemiologic approaches, in the cause and prevention of chronic diseases especially cancer and its important conditions. Principal to this work in the field of nutritional epidemiology has been development of methods to measure dietary intake among populations. Thus she has dedicated continuously significant endeavor to the development and validation of dietary assessment tools to provide accurate and reliable assessments of a wide spectrum of nutritional factors. In addition, she has devoted to implement the evaluation of biological markers of dietary intake using particularly plasma and serum. Her ongoing research projects are 1) development of national cancer screening cohort 2) a study on dietary factors related to the prognosis of breast cancer patients 3) gene-diet interaction in the etiology of gastric cancer 4) evaluation of hazardous materials from food sources (e.g., methyl mercury, lead, and cadmium)

As chronic inflammation plays an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis, inflammation related gene-diet interactions may affect colorectal cancer risk. Therefore, we investigated whether genetic susceptibility alters the effect of diet-induced inflammation on the risk of colorectal cancer. This study included 701 colorectal cancer patients and 1,402 controls. We selected six polymorphisms in four genes (IL1B, TNF, PPARG and PPARGC1A) and calculated diet-induced inflammation using the dietary inflammatory index (DII). Multiple logistic regression models were applied to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the main effect of genetic variants and the DII as well as their interactions. Subgroup analyses were performed by anatomic site and other risk factors. Among the investigated polymorphisms, heterozygous carriers of rs3774921 in the PPARGC1A gene were at higher risk of colorectal cancer (OR=1.30; 95% CI, 1.05-1.62 for TC vs. TT). When the data were stratified by rs3774921 genetic variants, the role of a proinflammatory diet in colorectal carcinogenesis was more prominent among homozygous variant allele carriers (OR=4.35; 95% CI, 1.89-10.03 for high vs. low DII) (P for interaction=0.022). When stratified by anatomic site, this association was much stronger for rectal cancer patients (OR=7.57; 95% CI, 2.30-24.93 for high vs. low DII) (P for interaction=0.013). Additionally, this interaction was significant among those older than 55 years old, not exercising regularly and drinking alcoholic beverages. Conversely, the other investigated polymorphisms did not show any association or interaction with diet-induced inflammation in relation to colorectal cancer risk. This study suggests that a pro-inflammatory diet has a differential effect on colorectal cancer risk based on PPARGC1A genetic variation with differential associations according to anatomic location and other risk factors. Although the findings support the molecular link between metabolism and inflammation, future studies are required to confirm our results

Yen Ting Tung studying in Taipei Medical University of Nutrition and Health Sciences. He study in the effect of phytochemicals on leiomyoma and cancer disease.

Women suffering from leiomyoma account for a quarter of the world's female population. Study indicate that leiomyoma may be expand by estrogen imbalance, abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix and stem cell proliferation. Melatonin is an endogenous hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain, can regulate physiological clock and secrete estrogen. In past studies, melatonin have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, inhibit cancer cell growth and metastasis. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of melatonin on leiomyoma and smooth muscle cell (ELT3, UtSMC) in vitro. We examined the effects of melatonin on leiomyoma stem-like cells number, cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis or autophagy related protein expression and accumulation of extracellular matrix. 1. Melatonin significantly inhibited the proliferation of leiomyoma cell in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. 2. Melatonin reduced on leiomyoma stem-like cells number and induced leiomyoma cell early and lately apoptosis. 3. Melatonin induced apoptosis and autophagy related protein expression. 4. Melatonin inhibited accumulation of extracellular matrix on leiomyoma cell. These findings suggest that melatonin may inhibits leiomyoma cell proliferation and have the potential to improve the development of leiomyoma associated with functional food

Hsin-Yuan, Chen has completed her Master Degree at the age of 25 years from Taipei Medical University. She had an honor to win the First Prize in Nutrition & Biotechnology Group in TMU 2015 Teachers and Students Joint Academic Symposiumas an “Excellent Research Paper”

Endometrial cancer occurs in women after menopause, is the fourth most common cancer in women in the United States. In Taiwan, due to the widespread use of hormone replacement therapy, the incidence of gynecologic cancer climbs to first place. In recent years, western countries begin the widespread use of herbal therapies, Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), one of the active components in licorice plant flavonoids, in past study, ISL had antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and tumor suppression effect. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of ISL on human endometrial cancer in vitro and in vivo. We used human normal endometrial cell lines, T HESCs, and human endometrial cancer cell lines, Ishikawa, HEC-1A and RL95-2 as targets. To examined that the effect of ISL on the cell proliferation, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis or autophagy related protein expression. In addition, we conducted in vivo experiment to confirm the inhibitory effects of ISL on cancer cell. As the current results show, ISL significantly inhibited the viability of cancer cell in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, but has little toxicity on normal cell. And also, flow cytometry analysis indicated that ISL induced sub G1 phase arrest. Mechanistically, ISL enhanced the expression of PARP/LC3B â…¡ protein associated with apoptosis/autophagy. Furthermore, ISL suppressed the xenograft tumor growth in vivo. These findings suggest that ISL is a candidate agent for the treatment of human endometrial cancer, and may play an important role in ISL-induced apoptosis, autophagy and cell growth inhibition

Li-Chun is a graduate student from Taipei Medical University of Nutrition and Health Sciences. She studies in the effects of chinese herbs and phytochemicals on cancer disease

Doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used for the treatment of several cancers. However, multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a major clinical problem and an important cause of treatment failure. How to increase chemosensitivity and reduce the dose of chemotherapeutic agents, in order to prevent drug side effects and the development of new chemotherapeutic agents are important. Uterine sarcoma is a rare gynecologic cancer. The patients sometimes are asymptomatic. It has the high degree of malignancy, poor prognosis and high mortality rate. It often be misdiagnosed as uterine fibroids. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is the flavonoid with chalcone structure isolated from licorice root. ISL has been shown to possess significant anticancer activities in many cancer types. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects of ISL on human uterine sarcoma cancer cell MES-SA and the multi-drug resistant human uterine sarcoma cancer cell MES-SA/Dx5 and MES-SA/DxR-1. Our present results showed that, treatment of ISL alone or combination with Dox significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cells and increased the proportion of subG1 phase. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that ISL induced apoptosis and necrosis. In addition, ISL enhanced the autophagy associated protein expression of LC3Bâ…¡ and apoptosis associated protein expression of cleaved-PARP. ISL also inhibited Bcl-2 and phospho-mTOR protein expression. Moreover, ISL inhibited the migration of the cancer cells. Taken together, ISL can inhibit human uterine sarcoma cancer cells through apoptosis as well as autophagy, and increase the chemosensitivity to doxorubicin in multi-drug resistant human uterine sarcoma cancer cells MES-SA/Dx5 and MES-SA/DxR-1

Ischemic stroke is the main types of clinical stroke. Ischemic stroke cause severe brain inflammation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion through the activation of toll-like receptor and inflammasome. This study aims to investigate the protective action of vitamin D on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and the possible molecular mechanism. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was performed with eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, and 90 mins late to initiate reperfusion to investigate the effect of vitamin D supplements and deprivation to the brain damage and the performance of relational molecular. Results from the study found that: (1) vitamin D deficiency increases the severity of brain damage, vitamin D can reduce the damage; (2) dietary deprivation of vitamin D caused the brain tissue lipid peroxidation product MDA accumulation, vitamin D can reduce lipid oxidation products; (3) vitamin D can reduce caspase-1 and cleaved caspase-1 protein expression, and inhibit IL-1β secretion; (4) vitamin D can inhibit TLR2-MyD88-NF-κB signaling cascade. In conclusion, Vitamin D may reduce cerebral ischemic- reperfusion oxidative damage and inflammation by inhibiting activation of TLR2 and reduce the pro-inflammatory factor IL-1β of mature to protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

Tülay Merve Temel is postgraduate student at Bioengineering Department of Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey. Her working areas are biomaterials, lipid technology, environment technology and silica aerogels production and characterization.

A wide range of nutritional supplements have been suggested to prevent the inadequate daily intake of minerals (calcium, iron, magnesium, silica), vitamins and other nutrients that are essential for human health. Silicon is one of the most abundant trace minerals in the human body which is especially found in connective tissues as the aorta, bone, skin, and tracheas [1,2]. Further, it may be found in heart, liver, lung, and muscle in the form of ortho-silicic acid at lower levels. In this regard, silicon is an essential mineral for bone mineralization, collagen synthesis, skin, hair and nails. Its supplementation increases bone mineral density and thus reduces bone fragility. Silicon has additional important health effects in relation to immune system enhancement. Furthermore, silicon contributes to the formation of cross-links between collagen and proteoglycans [3]. Since silica has a fundamental importance to human health, there is considerable attention by the medical community to improve silica based dietary supplements. The main aim of this study is to review the researches that address the nutritional importance, biological and therapeutic effects of silica.