11^th European Nutrition and Dietetics Conference June 29-30, 2017 Madrid, Spain

Maria Papamichael is a registered dietician who has dedicated her life in educating people the importance of good nutrition and exercise in the prevention and management of disease as well as in improving health and well-being. Being an asthma sufferer since childhood, has motivated her to undertake a PhD research project at La Trobe University to investigate the prophylactic potential of a Mediterranean diet enriched with fatty fish in the management of asthma in children.

Background and Aims: Globally, asthma has rapidly become the most frequent allergic disease in children. It causes significant burden and is the most common reason for hospitalisation, absence from school and work for sufferers and their parents/carers, respectively. There is no cure for asthma, it can only be controlled by medication. Emerging evidence from observational studies indicate that diet and lifestyle play a role in the aetiology and management, with potential for a protective effect of a Mediterranean diet. However, randomized controlled trials are lacking. We aim to investigate whether fatty fish consumption as part of a Mediterranean dietary pattern improves pulmonary function and reduces asthma symptoms in children. rnMethods: A parallel Randomized Controlled Trial of 6 months duration is being conducted in asthmatic children, aged 5-12 years attending a paediatric respiratory clinic in Athens, Greece. The intervention includes two fatty fish meals (150g cooked) per week as part of the Greek Mediterranean diet. The control group will consume their usual diet. Assessments at baseline and 6 month follow-up include pulmonary function using spirometry (FEV1) and exhaled nitric oxide, asthma symptoms using the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ), quality of life by the Paediatric Asthma Quality of life Questionnaire (PAQLQ), medication use and days hospitalized. A Food Frequency Questionnaire will be used to assess dietary intake and adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern will be assessed using the KIDMED index. rnApplications: This study is important in establishing the effect of a Mediterranean diet enriched with fatty fish in the management of asthma in children. Findings will inform the development of dietary guidelines for asthma management in children.

Nutrition screening is essential in clinical care to identify patients at nutrition risk for timely implementation of appropriate nutrition intervention. Routine screening of paediatric inpatients at malnutrition risk is not common in Hong Kong. Different paediatric nutritional screening tools have been developed but no consensus has been reached for use in clinical practice. The key considerations for choice of a screening tool include skill level, time to undertake which affected by number of questions, measurements and equipment required. The aim of this pilot study is to find a simple, easy to use screening tool to identify paediatric patients at nutrition risk on admission at Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong. The Paediatric Nutrition Screening Tool (PNST) developed and validated by Melinda White et al., in 2016 was chosen for this pilot. The PNST consists of 4 simple questions (Table 1) that required a \"yes\" or \"no\" answer. Two positive answers indicate nutrition risk. Care plan relevant to the risk categories was developed via consultations with paediatrician and nursing staff. All patients admitted to the paediatric wards including general, surgical and oncology between 13th Feb and 24th Feb 2017 were screened using PNST. A total of 239 patients were screened. 229 patients (95.8%) were classified as low risk and 10 patients (4.2%) as high risk. A user satisfaction survey was also conducted to collect feedback on using PNST. In the survey, users were asked to rate the tools easiness to use from scale 1 to 5 (1=most difficult, 5=most easy). Out of 40 feedback forms collected, 68% rated the tool for scale > 4. This study is the first \"Paediatric Nutrition Screening Tool\" pilot study in Hong Kong. The results can be used to evaluate the feasibility of applying PNST and approaches to implement nutrition screening in paediatric patients in Hong Kong.

LÄ«va Aumeistere is a nutritionist who has earned a Master Degree of Engineering in Food Science (M.sc) in 2016. Currently she is working on her PhD in Food Science program held at Latvia University of Agriculture. At present, LÄ«va is a Researcher in the Research Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR and a Vocational Education Teacher in Riga Technical School of Tourism and Creative Industry.

Fat is the most energy-dense macronutrient found in human milk, providing vital calories for growth and development of a baby. Variation in fat content can be due to factors like length of lactation, feeding frequency, the stage of nursing process, baby’s gender and birth weight, etc. As the human milk composition among lactating women in Latvia is not sufficiently studied, the aim of this pilot study was to determine fat content in mature human milk and factors affecting it. The study was carried out from November 2016 to April 2017. In total, 33 mature milk samples pooled within 24 h were collected from mothers whose babies had reached the age of at least two months. Fat content was determined by ISO 2446:2008. Participants (33 mothers with singleton deliveries of 16 male and 17 female babies) were 23 to 39 years old with an average Body Mass Index (BMI) 22.03±2.81. Primiparas were 45% of participants. Babies’ birth weight ranged from 1.60 to 5.36 kg but height from 42 to 61 cm. Most participants for sampling used breast pump (64%), following expression by hand (21%) and combination of both methods (15%). During the study, majority of mothers (n=21) were still exclusively breastfeeding, two participants practiced partial breastfeeding (breastfeeding+formula feeding) but ten mothers had started weaning. Although determined fat content ranged from 1.90 to 5.80%, obtained mean value (3.95±1.02%) was comparable to data from other countries. No significant association was found with any of the above mentioned factors (mothers age and BMI, parity, baby’s gender, birth weight and height, breastfeeding manner and milk expression method) (p>0.05). Results of the pilot study show that fat content in human milk is variable but more samples need to be analyzed to clarify the influencing factors.

J. S Kim Is working for Keimyung University of Republic of Korea (South Korea) from 1982. He is in teaching and research capacity. He is now in sabbatical leave and joining Oregon State University, U. S. A. He is a specialist in the field of Industrial and Management Engineering. His undergraduate background is Business Administration, and he majored in Industrial Engineering at his master and doctoral courses. He has many publications in the peer-reviewed scientific journals, and edited several books including \"Technology and Management\".

Squid has known to play an important role as predator and prey in marine food-webs. Since squid are one of the preferred fish species of Koreans, the catch of squid has been an important target for fisheries in Korea. In Korea, squid has been caught mainly in the East Sea, and the predominant species of the catch is Todarodes pacificus. From the early 1990s, the squid catches increased sharply compared to the 1980s. Looking at the fluctuation of fisheries in the 2000s, the catch of squid in the West / Yellow Sea has increased. This fact has become a new opportunity to recognize the importance of the West / Yellow Sea as a freshwater squid fishery. In this study, we investigated the long-term effects of climate change on the variation of fishing ground of Todarodes pacificus in Korean coastal sea. This was studied by examining / determining the relationship between the main meteorological / oceanographic factors and fluctuation of catch of the squid during the past 30 years (1981 ~ 2010). Time series analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were used to determine the change in abundance of squid population compared with climatic variables (237). We found that squid distribution in the Korean coastal sea increased over the 30-year time series and there were significant annual variations in every ten years (p < 0.01). Among the investigated factors, air temperature, air pressure, and sea surface temperature were positively correlated with the catch of squid (p < 0.05), but dissolved oxygen (p < 0.05) negatively correlated with the catch (p < 0.001).. These results suggest a causal association between climate variability, notably warming temperatures and squid populations.. Climate change appears to have been largely favorable for squid.

J. G. Kim is working for Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Keimyung University of Korea (South) from 1993. She is in teaching and research capacity. She is now in sabbatical leave and joining University of Washing, U. S. A. She is a specialist in the field of Food and Environmental Hygiene. She has more than 100 publications in the peer-reviewed scientific journals, and edited more than five books.

Alaska / walleye pollack (myeong-tae) is one of the preferred fish species in Korean cushion. It is used as fish itself and its eggs and intestines are used as fermented food. The annual catch of the fish was more than 50,000 tons in 1981, but dropped to less than 10,000 tons in 1990. It is not even counted today. It has been suspected that it is because of climate change, however, few study reported. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between the production of Alaska / walleye pollack in Korea and various oceanographic factors. We used annual production data of Alaska / walleye pollack of offshore fisheries from the Fisheries Yearbooks and Agricultural and Fisheries Statistics, and official data of National Fisheries Research and Development Institute for the oceanographic condition of the 30 years (1981~2010). Time series analysis correlation analysis, and regression anlaysis were used for this study. Both air temperature and surface sea temperature rose during the 30 years. The temperature rise of the East Sea / Japan Sea, a main fishing ground of the fish, was the most prominent. Among the oceanographic factors, sea surface temperature, salinity, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, wind scale, and wave grade were negatively correlated with the production of Alaska / walleye pollack (p < 0.05). Only salinity was positively correlated with production of the fish (p < 0.001). The results of this study definitely indicate that climate change affected the oceanographic environment of the habitat of Alaska / walleye pollack. The results also indicate that low sea surface temperature and air temperature, low concentration of nutrients, mild wind scale and wave grade, and high salinity are preferred by the fish species. This study suggests that most of the major pollutants of the oceanographic condition affect the production of Alaska / walleye pollack.