Jin-Taek Hwang is a scientist in the field of functional food research. He received his Ph.D. in biochemistry and molecular biology from Kyung Hee University. He is currently working in the Korea Food Research Institute. Current efforts are focused on identifying the active compounds against metabolic syndrome. Dr. Hwang is also interested in the study of nutritional epigenetics.

In the present study, we evaluated the anti-obesity effect of Anacardic acid, a phenolic lipid found in cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms focused on the epigenetic enzymes. We sought to investigate the effect of Anacardic acid on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. Oil-red O staining revealed that Anacardic acid reduced MDI-stimulated lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells, in the absence of observable cytotoxicity. Western blot analysis showed that Fatty acid synthase (FAS) and Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR) expressions were significantly increased by 7 days in MDI-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells, whereas treatment of Anacardic acid markedly decreased the MDI-stimulated FAS and PPAR expressions. In addition, total lysine acetylations were significantly enhanced in MDI-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells, and were decreased by Anacardic acid. Interestingly, histone H3K9 acetylation, an epigenetic modification marker was significantly increased by 7 days in MDI-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells, whereas treatment of Anacardic acid markedly decreased the MDI-stimulated Histone H3K9 acetylation. Taken together, these results suggest that Anacardic acid inhibits the MDI-stimulated adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1, and may involve the targeting of histone H3K 9 acetylation.

The research field of Dr. So-Young Park is natural product chemistry and development of functional food. She holds several patents regarding natural substances having potentials as anti-Alzheimer’s agents. She has worked on to discover natural products which inhibit beta-amyloid production or aggregation, and neuroinflammation. In addition, she expended her research interest to search natural products beneficial for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.

The advancement of medicine has increased life expectancy, but people are more interested in extending healthy life instead of living unhealthy long life. Ageing increases the incidence of geriatric diseases including cardiovascular diseases, dementia, cataract and osteoarthritis. Among the diseases, bone-related disorders including fracture and osteoporosis affect adversely in the quality of life for old people. Therefore, it is necessary to develop natural substances promoting bone-health without side effects which could be used as food itself or functional food. In this study, we selected 13 natural resources, extracted them with 70% ethanol and boiling water (26 extracts), and tested them for the promoting effects on pre-osteoblastic cell (MC3T3-E1) differentiation using Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) assay. As the results, 4 extracts from grapes, ginseng, cranberry and roasted peanuts significantly increased the differentiation of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in APL assay. Particularly, roasted peanuts exhibited the best activity on the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The roasted peanut extract was partitioned based on solvent polarity to n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water fractions, and these fractions were also applied to ALP assay. Ethyl acetate fraction the most efficiently induced the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Then, in order to figure out whether the one of the active compounds included in roasted peanuts is resveratrol, the presence of resveratrol in roasted peanuts were determined by TLC and HPLC. The results revealed that the active compounds in roasted peanuts were not resveratrol. Taken together, roasted peanuts might be beneficial for bone-health by promoting osteoblastic differentiation. Thus, the identification of active compounds other than resveratrol is under investigation. Furthermore, beneficial effects of roasted peanuts on osteoporosis is also under investigation with ovariectomized in vivo animal model.

Cheol-Hyun, Kim has done his Ph.D. in Dairy science & microbiology from the Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea and worked for 13 years at Seoul dairy cooperative R&D center. He has been involved in basic research on dairy chemistry, microbiology, microencapsulation and development of functional fermented milk products. After 2007, He became a professor as animal resources science in Dankook University, Cheon-an, South Korea and has been conduction joint research on the small and medium dairy companies. And also teaches dairy science, food chemistry, milk processing technology and quality controls and assurance of animal resources. Curretly, he is an academic chairman at Korean society of dairy science and technology and Korean society for lactic acid bacteria.

This study was conducted to investigate the isolate and identify strains of Exopolysaccharide (EPS) -producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from Vietnamese feces and to evaluate EPS produced by them characteristics and potential use of probiotics in yogurt and to investigate a relation between EPS production and texture of yogurt. A total of 32 LAB strains were isolated from feces and their phenotypic characteristics were assayed. Two isolates from sucrose agar plates were selected and designated as E. faecium VN26 (VN26) and L. plantarum VN27 (VN27). In acid tolerance of two strains, there was diminished in the number of viable cells at pH 2.0 and at pH 1.5 the survival rate of the LAB were seen to decrease significantly. These strains evidenced a good survival rates in the presence of 1.0% bile salt, even though subsequently treated in artificial gastric juice. In general, high-EPS-producing ST-body 1 strain showed lower aggregation abilities than isolated strains. Weight of the crude and purified EPS were 29.86±3.29 mg/100mL, 6.65±0.8 mg/100mL and 37.3±4.8 mg/100mL, 8.40±0.7 mg/100mL for VN26 and VN27, respectively. HPLC analysis showed that crude and purified EPS produced by strains were hetero polysaccharides. The FT-IR spectra analysis suggested that it was highly likely that the EPS belonged to -type heteropolysaccharides with pyranose saccharides. Antioxidant activity was analysed by FRAP, ABTS and hydroxyl radical analysis from purified EPS. In the yogurt samples, fermented from ST-body 1 that is characterized by the highest amount of EPS and highest viscosity, presented a pronounced syneresis phenomenon. These results suggest that EPS-producing strains isolated from Vietnamese feces has potential antioxidant capacity and obtained polysaccharide might be a potential candidate for the role of useful natural supplement and can be used probiotics in yogurt.

He graduated from Iwate Medical University School of Medicine in 1989 and completed the graduate school of Iwate Medical University in 1993. Specialty is surgery, major is gastroenterological surgery, nutrition management, clinical examination.

Background: We examined the safety of semisolid nutrition by tracking its flow using contrast X-rays. Method: A bolus of semisolid nutrition containing contrast medium was administered to examine the residual quantity in the stomach over time. A gastrointestinal prokinetic drug was administered when the retention of the contrast medium in the stomach was observed. This study was performed from June 2011 through the end of June 2015. Results: A gastrointestinal prokinetic drug was administered to 9 patients with the contrast medium remaining in the stomach. The results showed use of the drug to significantly reduce the contrast area in the stomach at 6 hours after administration. Conclusions:Our results confirmed the necessity of tracking a semisolid nutrient bolus containing contrast medium, employing contrast X-rays with a gastrointestinal prokinetic drug, to examine its usefulness.

Introduction Sirtuin proteins are member of histone deacetylases. Sirtuins play an important role in aging and different kind of diseases, because sirtuins control cellular metabolism, antioxidant and oxidative damage repairing systems. Caloric restriction (CR) can modulate the content and activity of the sirtuin enzyme family. Which was related to CR’s associating with multiform mechanisms, which includes longevity, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress and disease prevention. Methods In our study, we worked with 28 (14 month old) male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groups (n=7): control (C), caloric-restriction (CR), nicotinamide treated (N), caloric- restriction combined with nicotinamide treatment (CRN). Nicotinamide was placed in the drinking water treatment was every second day. We used 1% nicotinamide dilussion for 4weeks, then we decreased for 0,5%, because 1% caused significant loss of body mass. Every second day the whole nourishment was deprived in the caloric restriction groups. We measured the drink intake and food intake at every second days. We used the Open field test, Novel object. .novel object test were used to assess behaviour and cognitive function. The quantitative analysis of proteins were carried out by Western blotting, the mRNS levels were assessed by PCR, and the activity level of proteins by spectrophotometry. Results and Discussion The protein content of SIRT1 decreased significantly in NAM and complex groups compared to control levels. NAM treatment alone and with caloric restriction significantly decreased the levels of 5’AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) compared to control groups. The FOXO-1 is a negative regulator of mitochondrial oxidative processes. Our data shows that the protein content of FOXO1 increased significantly in CR, NAM and complex groups compared to control levels. NAM treatment and caloric restriction significantly reduced the body mass of the animals. Both of factors, influenced the animals’ cognitive functions. Novel object test shows that the animals which got combined treatments were more active, however their memory made more error. These data associated the Open field test’s results, because we got that CRN animals’ level of crossings, duration, exploration were significantly highest compared to control levels. Our findings so far suggest that NAM and CR treatments caused weight loss, which can influence the alteration of cellular metabolism regulating proteins like AMPK, PGC-1 alpha. Beyond these facts eating habits and nicotinamide treatment play a major role not only in healthy lifestyle but they can influence the cognitive functions too.

Jae-Ho Park is a molecular biologist and geneticist. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in biology in 1996 and received his M.S. in biology in KAIST. He attended Mount Sinai School of Medicine NYU in New York, where he received his Ph.D. in Genetics and Genomic Science. His Ph.D. thesis was a study of the genetic and epigenetic disease and characterizing murine model. He joined the cardiovascular research group in Massachusetts General Hospital and investigated gene therapy to treat cardiac hypertrophy. He went back to Korea and continued his research in Korea Food Research Institute. He has his expertise in genetics and epigenetics in lipid-accumulated cell model and diet-induced murine model. His research is also focusing the physiological functions of olfactory receptors and their genetic regulations.

In this study, we investigate the effects of DNA methylation on lipid accumulation in hepatic steatosis model induced by oleic acid. To determine the status of DNA methylation, reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) was carried out and more than 20 million reads of each sample were analyzed with BS-seeker2 and bowtie2. Loci having less than 5 reads were excluded from the analysis. Mappability of the paired end was above 70% and depth was over 40 in all samples. To compare the DNA methylation, only CpGs but not CHH, CHG in 100 bp window were statistically calculated with 50 bp sliding. We found that 406 loci in hepatic steatosis model (OA) were hyper- and hypo-methylated compared to control (N) cells (DMR (differently methylated region) > 20%, p < 0.01). In addition, treatment with Allium ubersorum (Bu) or Capsella bursa-pastoris (Naeng) also regulated DNA methylation in the lipid-accumulated cells. The genomic structure of the differently methylated regions were exon (15-25%), CpG island (18-19%), intron (9-20%), repeates (18-20%), transcription start site (2-7%). After comparing the DMR in 3 groups, total 75 putative loci were selected. We found that 29 loci were hypermethylated in OA but hypomethylated in the group of treatment with Bu or Naeng. Conversely, 45 loci were hypomethylated in OA but hypermethylated in Bu or Naeng groups. These result suggested that DNA methylation affect lipid accumulation and Bu and Naeng modulate the DNA methylation and affect the lipid accumulation in the oleic acid-induced steatosis model.

Roni Lara Moya has done his studies in Biomedicine from the University of Mogi das Cruzes, Sao Paulo. He has done his specialization in Anti-Aging Medicine from Seville University, Spain. He completed his Master of Science in Molecular and Cellular Immunology and Biology from the University of Coimbra, Portugal and Master of Science in Clinical Advanced Nutrition from the University of Barcelona, Spain. He did his PhD in Biomedicine and Immunology from the Gulbenkian Institute of Science and Coimbra University. He is the Coordinator of Orthomolecular Medicine of ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention. He is the Professor and Director of the Graduation Program in Orthomolecular Therapy-CESPU University, Portugal. He is the Scientific Advisor for Nutraceuticals and Cell Therapy Companies in Europe.

Despite of all efforts and scientific development in cancer research and treatments, the corresponding estimates for total cancer deaths in 2012 were 8.2 million (about 22,000 cancer deaths a day) – 2.9 million in economically developed countries, and 5.3 million in economically developing countries. By 2030, the global burden is expected to grow to 23.6 million new cancer cases and 13 million cancer deaths simply due to the growth and aging of the population. However, the estimated future cancer burden will probably be considerably larger due to the adoption of lifestyles that are known to increase cancer risk, such as smoking, poor diet, obesity, physical inactivity, chronic inflammatory diseases, etc. Cancer can actually be defined by a group of diseases characterized by the interaction between abnormal cells with its natural environment, resulting in uncontrolled growth and spread of these abnormal cells. If the spread is not controlled, it can result in death. Cancer is caused by external factors, such as tobacco, toxins, infectious organisms, and an unhealthy diet, and internal factors, such as inherited genetic mutations, hormones, and immune conditions. These factors may act together or in sequence to cause cancer. One of the most important problems in oncology is the immunological compromising due to the ability of cancer cells to thrive in a chronically inflamed microenvironment, evade immune recognition and suppress immune reactivity. In consequence, the chronic inflammation and extreme oxidative stress, will allow an enhancement of genomic instability, DNA damage, epigenetics change, apoptosis evasion, metastasis, etc. Some important functional nutrients with specifics antioxidants and polyphenols, together with purified cellular derived peptides and mitochondrial extracts, rich in inmunomodulators factors, work on innate or acquired immunity by the stimulation of fundamental organs as the thymus, spleen and bone marrow, regulating the transcription, apoptosis, oxidative stress, the activation of dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, CD4, CD8, and Natural Killer (NK); as well as the production of its main cytokines (IFN, TNF, IL4, etc). The purpose of this conference is to address the clinical practical aspects and protocols based on the most relevant scientific studies of integrative biomedical treatments with the best functional nutrients and cellular derived extracts as potent inmunomodulators in cancer cases. Besides the increasing of conventional treatments techniques and pharmaceuticals, there is also an eminent and continuous need to seek the best and smartest integrative biomedical and nutritional treatment to help prevent and fight cancer.

Şemsi Gül Yilmaz has completed her Bachelor’s degree from Gazi University’s Department of Nutrition and Dietetics in Ankara after graduating from primary school and high school in Konya. She completed her Master's degree in Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Ankara University in 2015. Also, she is a Research Assistant at the same university. She is interested in obesity, nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics and genotoxicity.

Many foods and drinks contain caffeine (1, 2, 7 trimethylxanthine) as purine alkaloids. On beside of coffee, caffeine can also be taken from drinks such as tea, cola, cocoa and energy drinks. Furthermore caffeine is part of frequently used drugs such as flu medicines, painkillers, slimming pills and stimulating drugs. Caffeine has effects on the body such as staying awake, reducing physical fatigue, increasing performance, increasing attention due to its stimulating properties. Recent studies on caffeine have found that this substance has many effects on the heart and circulatory system, respiratory system and endocrine system as well as the central nervous system. The stimulating effect of caffeine on the specific nervous system makes individuals more vigilant and alerted to the effects on the cardiovascular system as well as accelerating heart rate and vasodilatation by expanding blood vessels. It is a very important stimulating particle as it is found that it results in many complications, such as; insomnia, headache, impaired concentration, rise in heart rate and blood pressure, stomach problems, spontaneous abortions in pregnant women, babies with low birth weight and the diuretic effect. Depending on high dose caffeine consumption (400 mg/kg/day) it also adversely affects bone health and increases the risk of post-menopausal osteoporosis. On the other hand, it is shown that caffeine consumed in appropriate levels positively effects human health. Caffeine alleviates the physical and mental fatigue and thus increases work capacity. It increases alertness and mindfulness and in some cases, it eases headache and migraine pains. Therefore, caffeine is one of the most researched and discussed molecules of recent times.

Maria J Esteve is an expert in food analysis. She has studied the effect of non-conventional conservation treatments (electrotechnologies, high pressures and ultrasounds) on physicochemical characteristics, nutrients and bioactive compounds of foods of vegetal origin. In her last project she studies the valorization of residues of the food industry with the extraction by non-conventional techniques of bioactive compounds (phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, carotenes) and colored compounds. She also studies the possible interactions between the compounds as well as their bioaccessibility and the effect that different technologies can have. The effect on the health of the consumer is important but also the interest to reduce the environmental impact has increased, reason why it is looked for sustainable processes.

The legislative framework developed in Spain and Europe establishes as a priority the recycling and recovery of waste and by-products against deletion (European Directive 2006/12/EC). In Spain, 6.5 million tons of citrus fruits are produced annually, 30% goes to industrial use. Of the fruits citrus processed between the 35 and 55% is by-product. These by-products can be exploited to obtain compounds of added value (fiber, composite bioactive, color). In this way, the by-product is valued and reduced inputs. In this study is evaluates the extraction of compounds colored of the skin of the orange and its possible use as coloring natural, using the technology of ultrasonic of easy implementation in the industry food. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction is performed with the Qsonica 500 sonicator. It determines the color of extracts by means of the colorimeter ColorQuest XE (HunterLab). The optimization of the process is done using central composite design using three levels to identify the interaction between experimental factors: ultrasonic power (0-400 W), runtime (5-30 min) and percentage of solvent (0 - 50% ethanol in water). The results show that ltrasonidos-assisted extraction allows to extract the highest content of compounds colored without the use of solvents (ethanol). The value of Chroma is 19.0±0. 1 when applies a power of 400 W, 5 and 30 min and water as extraction liquid is used. This value of Chroma coincides when grind the sample and extract with a solution of ethanol in water at 50%. In both cases, a value much higher than the one obtained in orange juice (10.8±0. 8). The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: power 370 W, extraction time 5 min and ethanol 34% in water.

Macarena qualified as a Nurse by the University of the Basque Country in 2014 and already possessed an interest in the nutritional management of patients. Obtaining a Master of Science in Nutrition for Health promotion while working as an Intensive Care Nurse triggered her passion for the septic patient. At the moment, she is studying Medicine at the University of Manchester while working in ITU units across the North West of England. Macarena is focused on improving nutritional management from a nursing perspective and she is involved in education and training in this field.

Sepsis and, its progression, septic shock are multi-organ failures caused by a complication of an infection. These cases are characterized by an increased in the nutritional requirements and this leads to a catabolic state. This shows a negative nitrogen balance which demonstrate the use of body muscle are metabolic substrate for energy production. This fact leads to a malnourished patient with increased mortality rates. Nutrition in the septic patient is a complicated topic not only for the acute component of the disease but also due to the location and the nutritional misconceptions of the medical team. Investigation in this field is very limited and mainly specific amino acids have been studied but a complete nutritional approach to the patient could lead to a correction in the catabolic state. By correcting the catabolism, we would not only improve the nutritional status of the patient but also improve and/or correct the metabolism. This could lead to appropriate metabolic pathways and better outcomes.

Ana Gabriella Pereira Alves is a nutritionist graduated from the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. C er’s degree in Health Sciences (Faculty of Medicine/Federal University of Goiás, Brazil) and is currently a PhD student in the same program. Concluded a postgraduate in Sports Nutrition and is a postgraduate student in Functional Clinical Nutrition. Co-author of two book chapters, related to Sports Nutrition, and is anthropometrist ISAK Level 1. Member of the Laboratory of Physiology, Nutrition and Health (Faculty of Physical Education and Dance/Federal University of Goiás, Brazil)

Statement of the problem: Obesity, especially abdominal, is one of the major public health problems in the world. In this regard, studies have observed protective effects of some nutrients on obesity, including calcium, due to its supposed action in the regulation of lipid metabolism in adipocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between calcium intake and abdominal obesity in Brazilian adults. Methodology: this cross- sectional study was developed in March 2016 with 31 subjects from Santo Antônio de Goiás, Central-West region of Brazil. The waist circumference (WC) was measured with anthropometric inextensible tape (Sanny®, São Paulo, Brazil) at the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest. Women with WC ≥ 80cm and men with WC ≥ 94cm were classified with increased WC. To obtain average calcium intake, three 24-hour dietary recalls were collected on non-consecutive days, including one day of the weekend. Student’s t-test for independent samples was used to evaluate the difference in calcium intake between adults with adequate and increased WC. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between WC and calcium intake. P values <0.05 were considered significant. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. Findings: Of the 31 participants, 96.8% were female and the mean age was 41.39 (± 11,36) years. There was a higher calcium intake among subjects with adequate WC (p = 0.002) (Table 1). In addition, the lower is the calcium intake, higher is the chance of having increased WC (p= 0.022) (Table 2). Conclusion: Considering the association between calcium intake and waist circumference, the consumption of foods rich in this mineral needs to be encouraged, which may contribute to reduce public health problems like obesity and associated morbidities.

Çaglar Akçalı has completed her Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetic from Ege University. She is doing her Master’s degree in Department of Nutrition and Dietetic at Ankara Univesity. Also, she is a Research Assistant at the same university.

Grape has a widespread consume in our country and world since it contains mineral matters, aroma matters, fruit acids, especially vitamins A, B1, B2 and C and has a high nutrition value. Medicines that are produced by using especially fruit parts of Red grape (Vitis vinifera) have been used in traditional medicine. There are phenolic and flavonoid composites having antioxidant characteristics that are healthy and prevent diseases in the compound of red grape and affiliate products. The most common flavonoids in red grape are flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin), flavon-3-ols (catechin, epicatechin, tanens) and anthocyanin. Anthocyan (malvidin, peonidin, petunidin, cyanidin, delphinidin) is the flavonoid that gains the characteristic color of red grape and red vines. Red grape (Vitis vinifera) has a strong antioxidant effect due to high phenolic compounds in its seed and flavonoids of these phenolic compounds. Thanks to its antioxidant effect, red grape has many pharmacological specifications and provides a prevention against oxidative stress. Moreover, it shows a negative correlation with incidence of coroner artery disease related to overconsumption of saturated fats. Grape and its products are used in many European countries, especially France. In this study, it is aimed to investigate bioactive functions of red grape and its products and its relation with health.

Mona Almujaydil, I am currently pursuing PhD in Human Nutrition at Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Vitamin D deficiency has long been recognised as a cause of skeletal diseases such as osteomalacia and rickets. In recent years, concerns have also spread to a range of non-skeletal conditions (Holick et al., 2011). Hypovitaminosis D is a serious problem in the UK (Sinha et al., 2013). Reduced sunshine exposure and limited dietary sources of vitamin D, coupled with other factors could lead to increased incidence of hypovitaminosis D among the UK population especially amongst ethnic minorities due to their eating habits and high skin pigmentation. The purpose of this study is to determine which ethnic minority groups are living in Manchester (latitude, 53°N) who are at greater risk of developing vitamin D deficiency and needs more awareness and effective recommendations related to diet and lifestyle in order to attain the adequate level of vitamin D. In this study, a questionnaire was used to determine diet and lifestyle factors that are associated with an increase a risk of hypovitaminosis D. Two hundred fifty three respondents who completed the questionnaire. The estimated mean vitamin D intake by food frequency questionnaire was 2.26 µ/d for South Asian, followed by Arab (2.00 µ/d) while the lowest vitamin D intake was among Black people. The average of usual sun exposure was 0.25 hours/day for Arab, South Asian. Other risk factors for vitamin D deficiency included low use of supplements (p > 0.05); being overweight or obese (64 % Arab and 39% Black race); the percentage of smoker and alcohol intake were higher among Black participants than other (13.3% Arab ,45.5% Black race). This study shows that vitamin D intake (food and supplements) and time spend outdoors were low among all ethnic minority groups that may pose a threat to the development of vitamin D deficiency.