11^th European Nutrition and Dietetics Conference June 29-30, 2017 Madrid, Spain

Biography:

Gauree G Konijeti is a Gastroenterologist specializing in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) at Scripps Clinic in San Diego, CA. She is the Head of the Scripps Clinic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Program as well as a KL2 Clinical-Translational Scholar at the Scripps Translational Science Institute and the Scripps Research Institute. She is trained in Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, and completed her Internal Medicine residency at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and the UCLA West Los Angeles VA Hospital, and attended Medical School at the University of Pennsylvania. She holds a Master of Public Health degree from the University of California, Los Angeles. She conducts research evaluating the role of diet and nutrition for IBD, as well Genetics and Epigenetics, Epidemiology and cost-effective treatments for IBD. She is a member of the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation of America, the American College of Gastroenterology and the American Gastroenterological Association.

Abstract:

Introduction: Recent data suggest that dietary modification can improve clinical responses in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The goal of this study was to determine the tolerability and efficacy of an autoimmune protocol (AIP) diet in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: We have enrolled 18 adult patients with IBD with mild-moderate disease activity (HBI ≥ 5 or partial Mayo score ≥ 3), and objective evidence of active disease (endoscopy within 7 months and/or elevated fecal calprotectin (FC) within 1 month). Three patients withdrew prior to study start due to inability to commit to dietary change. Participants transitioned to the AIP diet over 6 weeks (elimination of grains, legumes, nightshades, dairy, eggs, coffee, alcohol, nuts and seeds, and refined/processed sugars, oils, and food additives) and then maintained the diet for 5 additional weeks. Serial laboratories, fecal calprotectin, microbiome and transcriptome analyses were performed. Endoscopy, radiology, and/or biomarker assessment were performed at study completion to assess for mucosal healing.

Results: The final cohort included 9 patients with CD and 6 with UC. Mean IBD duration was for 19 years (SD 14.6) and active biologic use is in 7 patients. Nutrient repletion was initiated for deficiencies in vitamin D (n=3) and iron (n=6). From week 0 to 6, mean partial Mayo score improved from 5.8 (SD 1.2) to 1.2 (SD 2.0) (p<0.01) Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin d, vitamin d binding protein, and risk of colorectal cancer in the nurses' health study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 9(8): 664-72.for UC, and mean HBI score improved from 7 (SD 1.5) to 3.6 (SD 2.1) (p<0.01). At baseline, CRP was normal (<10) in 66% (10/15). Among those, with labs completed at baseline and week 6, mean CRP (n=11) improved from 8.3 to 7.0 (p=0.46), and mean FC (n=5) improved from 412 (range 80-1078) to 196 (range 0-758) (p=0.36). Among those with follow-up endoscopy at week 11 (n=7), improvements were noted in SES-CD (n=1), Rutgeerts score (n=1), and Mayo endoscopy subscore (n=4). No significant changes in lipid profile were observed at week 6. One patient with ileal CD with stricture withdrew due to worsening symptoms.

Discussion: From this study, it was known that dietary elimination has the potential to improve symptoms and endoscopic inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. And larger randomized trials are needed to validate these findings.

Biography:

Francisco J Señoráns has developed his research and teaching career in Food Science and Technology in different Spanish and international institutions during the last 25 years. He served in Madrid (CSIC and UAM) and at Uppsala University (Sweden) as Researcher and Lecturer for two years. He has Chemical Sciences PhD and since 2002 he is Professor Titular (Associate Professor) at Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (Spain), where he has been responsible of several research projects and contracts with industry. He was In-charge of the management and creation of the Joint Institute in Food Science Research (CIAL) as a Co-director since its foundation in July 2007. He is co-author of more than 100 publications of international impact (SCI) with h index of 31 (Web of Science) and of several international patents transferred to industry. In 2001, he received the Prize "Archer Daniels" granted by the AOCS. At present, he directs a research team with a sound record of research contract with food and pharma industry, in projects related with healthy lipids, including omega-3 fractionation and enrichment of fish and marine oils, microalgae components extraction with compressed fluids and supercritical technology, and enzymatic technologies for structured lipids, hipocaloric oils, and phospholipids.

Abstract:

Omega-3 fatty acids like EPA and DHA play a vital role in health and correct nutrition, especially during fetal and infant growth. Omega-3 acids are also important for reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and prevention of nervous system and inflammatory diseases. Health authorities along the world have promoted the intake of foods that contain higher amounts of omega-3 fatty long chain acids and a favorably ratio ω6/ω3 essential fatty acids. Subsequently, in recent years, there has been a growing interest in alternative sources of omega-3 oils, like new oilseeds (chia (Salvia hispanica L.), camelina (Camelina sativa L.), etc.) and microalgae like Nannochloropsis, Isochrysis and others. Modern extraction techniques such as pressurized liquids extraction (PLE) with “green” solvents have advantages over traditional techniques for oil extraction and allow the replacement of hexane as solvent. At the same time, food enrichment with omega-3 oils requires the protection of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) during all the process. Different strategies to this aim include use of synergic antioxidants and microencapsulation of oils. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in microencapsulation for a variety of applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries to protect the active substances, and simultaneously, provide a controlled release of the active substances, masking its unpleasant taste and smell and allowing new forms of delivery of bioactive compounds, such as in this case, healthy lipids with omega-3 in solid form. In addition, the new omega-3 oils are used to produce structured lipids by enzymatic modification, with improved health and nutritional properties that can also be microencapsulated for food enrichment, producing healthy lipids with desired characteristics to improve the lipid profile of final food products.

Biography:

Noriko Kurokawa has expertise in Nutrition. She is doing Nutrition Management and Nutritional Guidance at Acute Brain Surgery Special Hospital based on Japanese Nutritionist's license. On the other hand, she is conducting research on clinical nutrition in educational institution (graduate school). This model was constructed after the experience of evaluation and management at the workplace brain surgery special hospital, and it is a study on the relation between the body function and energy intake in the acute period of stroke.

Abstract:

Background: The relation between energy intake and outcome in acute phase after onset of stroke, as risk indicators on adverse events are not fully studied, it was examined whether the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score on admission is a risk indicator for energy intake during the first 7 days of acute phase.

Methods: Patients with stroke, admitted between January 2015 and March 2015, were enrolled. Data on characteristics and nutritional status of patients were collected from electronic medical record. The subjects were divided according to FIM score on admission and energy intake for the first 7 days. The outcome index was: length of stay in SCU, presence of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 6mg/dl. The logistic-regression analysis was conducted to examine the length of stay in SCU.

Results: 192 patients were enrolled. (I) Comparing two groups divided by FIM scores on admission: (1) the energy intake in the first seven days was significantly lower in the group of <75 points (median: 75 points, P <0.001). (2) length of stay in SCU ≥ 5 days was significantly longer (median: 5 days, P <0.001), and (3) more patients with CRP ≥ 6mg/dl during the first week (median: 0.6 mg/dl, P=0.024). (II) Comparing two groups divided according to energy intake in the first seven days after admission by target energy intake <50% vs. ≥50% or <66% vs. ≥66%: In the group of <50% and <66%, (4) none of the patients had a FIM score of ≥ 75 points on admission, (5) length of stay in SCU ≥ 5 days was significantly longer, (6) presence of CRP ≥ 6 mg/dl after hospitalization was significantly larger. (III) In multivariate analysis on binary values of length of stay in SCU ≥ 5 days: (7) strongly related to item of energy intake in first seven days <66%, (8) length of stay in SCU ≥ 5 days group vs. <5 days group: odds ratio = 0.165, (0.032-0.845).

Conclusions: These results suggested that FIM score on admission could be a risk indicator of energy intake during stroke attack. In addition, it was suggested that the risk factor of the length of stay in SCU seemed an energy intake (< 66%) during the first seven days after admission.

Biography:

I have expertise in nutrition. I am doing nutrition management and nutritional guidance at acute brain surgery special hospital based on Japanese nutritionist's license. On the other hand, I am conducting research on clinical nutrition in educational institution (graduate school). This model was constructed after the experience of evaluation and management at the workplace brain surgery special hospital, and it is a study on the relation between the body function and energy intake in the acute period of stroke.

Abstract:

Background: The relation between energy intake and outcome in acute phase after onset of stroke, as risk indicators on adverse events are not fully studied, it was examined whether the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) score on admission is a risk indicator for energy intake during the first 7 days of acute phase.

Methods: Patients with stroke, admitted between January 2015 and March 2015, were enrolled. Data on characteristics and nutritional status of patients were collected from electronic medical record. The subjects were divided according to FIM score on admission and energy intake for the first 7 days. The outcome index was: length of stay in SCU, presence of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 6mg/dl. The logistic-regression analysis was conducted to examine the length of stay in SCU.

Results: 192 patients were enrolled. (I) Comparing two groups divided by FIM scores on admission: (1) the energy intake in the first seven days was significantly lower in the group of <75 points (median: 75 points, P <0.001). (2) length of stay in SCU ≥ 5 days was significantly longer (median: 5 days, P <0.001), and (3) more patients with CRP ≥ 6mg/dl during the first week (median: 0.6 mg/dl, P=0.024). (II) Comparing two groups divided according to energy intake in the first seven days after admission by target energy intake <50% vs. ≥50% or <66% vs. ≥66%: In the group of <50% and <66%, (4) none of the patients had a FIM score of ≥ 75 points on admission, (5) length of stay in SCU ≥ 5 days was significantly longer, (6) presence of CRP ≥ 6 mg/dl after hospitalization was significantly larger. (III) In multivariate analysis on binary values of length of stay in SCU ≥ 5 days: (7) strongly related to item of energy intake in first seven days <66%, (8) length of stay in SCU ≥ 5 days group vs. <5 days group: odds ratio = 0.165, (0.032-0.845).

Conclusions: These results suggested that FIM score on admission could be a risk indicator of energy intake during stroke attack. In addition, it was suggested that the risk factor of the length of stay in SCU seemed an energy intake (< 66%) during the first seven days after admission.

Biography:

Teruyoshi Amagai has completed his MD and PhD from University of Tsukuba, Japan and Clinical Practice from the Birmingham Children’s Hospital in UK during 1993 and 1994. He is the Professor of Mukogawa Women’s University since 2007 and has been In-charge of drawing up member, “Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese (2015), developed by the Ministry of Health Labor and Welfare, Japanese Government. He is the Editorial Member, Nutrition in Clinical Practice, academic journal of American Society for Parent and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN).

Abstract:

Background: A number of patients and at risk with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) must be growing year by year. However, as media-mediated information is mixing evidence and non-evidence and it is not easy to identify which is true and vice versa, nutritional education methodology must be essential to cease the growth of number of patients with NCDs.

Aim: To examine an effectiveness of a novel methodology to educate patients with NCDs, such as diabetes (DM), hypertension (HT), dyslipidemia (DL), and chronic kidney disease (CKD), on outcome.

Methods: A novel methodology was developed to educate patients with NCDs using dietary behavior questionnaire (brief self-administered diet history questionnaire: BDHQ) among group-basis. Based on results of individual BDHQ, their reading and aim to resolve their individual problems were discussed among group-basis. Outcome indicators of this education were the clinical objective parameters measured at the first outpatient clinic visited within three months after education, including HbA1c (%), mean blood pressure (mmHg), T-cholesterol (mg/dl), and eGFR, for patients with DM, HT, DL, and CKD, respectively. Then, an effectiveness was evaluated by the changing rate of these parameters, defining【(pre-) – (post-) / (pre) parameter】X100 (%). An effectiveness was made when this rate was above zero among four NCDs. All consecutive patients who have got group education between Apr, 2016 and Mar, 2017 in a single institute, were enrolled.

Results: To be under analyzed and shown in presentation.

Conclusion: This novel diet and nutrition-related education methodology must be analyzed in their effectiveness by changing rate of individual parameters. To our knowledge, this is the first report to study an effectiveness of diet and nutrition-related education for patients with NCDs.  

Biography:

Medical doctor specialised in Public Health, PhD in biostatistics and Pharm D, Pr Francois-André Allaert is strongly involved in the field of medical evaluation and especially in the evaluation of health claim. He is managing a human clinical center specifically approved  by French health authorities for food supplement and enriched food evaluation. He is also managing the chair for health claim medical evaluation at the burgundy university of Dijon. He is authors of more than 1500 scientific oral communications and publications among which 210 are pubmed referred.

Abstract:

Objective: According to European Commission Regulation No 432/2012, the incorporation into food   of minerals and oligo-elements which are officially linked to a health claim allows  also the “health claim” to the food. Nevertheless, their introduction into various  food matrices can potentially influence their effectiveness. The objective of this study was to confirm the effect on daily mood, stress and sleep of a daily intake of magnesium and B-vitamin enriched gingerbread for 3 weeks at the required quantities determined by EFSA ( 30% of RDAs).

Materials: Selection criteria: men or women, aged over 18 years and under 70 years of age, complaining of a mood or stress rated by an MSP-9 scale. Evaluation criteria: MSP-9, Brief Mood Introspection Scale (BMIS) and Spiegel scale for sleep. Daily data collection for 7 days before the consumption of gingerbread and during the last week of consumption on a  Smartphone CRF (NursTrial System).

Results: 185 persons aged 39 ± 12 years and mostly female were included in the study. The results show significant reductions in stress assessed by MSP-9, which significantly decreased from 42.6 ± 8.5 to 30.9 ± 8.4 (p <0.0001), a 26% improvement in BMIS-assessed mood from 38.6 6.6 to 47.2 ± 7.3 (p <0.0001), an improvement of 25% and quality of sleep evaluated by the Spiegel scale, which increased from 16.2 ± 3.5 to 19.3 ± 3.6 (p <0.0001) which corresponds to an improvement of 23% . 35.1% of the subject declared they were rather satisfied and 50.3% they  were satisfied or very satisfied.

Conclusion: These results confirm that at  the quantities required for EFSA health claims, the enrichment of a magnesium and B vitamin B of a gingerbread  allows significant improvements in mood, stress and sleep of the subjects.

Biography:

Christina Isabel F Santisteban has completed her Bachelor of Science degree in Nutrition and Dietetics at St. Scholastica’s College- Manila in 2015. In the same year she received her license as Registered Nutritionist Dietitian. She is currently working as a Wellness Coach/Nutritionist with LiveWell Corporate Solutions Inc.- a company dedicated to provide health and wellness programs to make employees happier and healthier which results to lower attrition and absenteeism among Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) Industries. 

Abstract:

The study aimed to determine the prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases (DM, HPN and obesity) and identify the factors associated with it among selected call centre agents in Metro Manila. 310 selected call centre agents were included in the study. Primary data such as weight, height, and body circumference, dietary and physical activity were measured while secondary data were validated from existing records. Pearson correlation was computed for correlation between the independent variables and obesity while Chi-square test was used to determine the association of lifestyle diseases to independent variables. Of the 310 respondents, 8.7% are diabetic while 18.4% are hypertensive.  Based on BMI, 61.3% are normal, 14.5% are underweight, and 34.2% are overweight to obese. Based on waist-hip-ratio, 65.2% were at risk and 34.8% have no risk.  In terms of diet, majority have inadequate energy intake (71.3%) yet adequate protein intake (76.7%).  For physical activity level, more than half (56.5%) were sedentary.  For correlation of lifestyle-related diseases and risk factors, all are correlated to each other except for physical activity and energy and protein adequacy. With regards to association, diabetes is associated with age, weight, number of years as a call center agent, BMI and obesity. Hypertension is associated with age, number of years as a call center agent, weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, WHR and obesity. Obesity is associated with age, number of years as a call center agent, diabetes and hypertension. Factors associated to lifestyle-related diseases among respondents are age, gender, number of years as a call center agent, BMI, and WHR.  

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: An enteral nutrition (EN) formula has been chosen in clinical practice which varies in the characteristics. Recently the application thicken EN formulae (TEF) with medium viscosity (1000-5000 mPa/s) has been proved to have clinical advantages. TEFs, differ In the followings: 1) rapid rate to administer (400-500 ml/15-30 min) 2) minimal devices necessary 3) pH in an acid of them benefits in clinical practice and medical economic advantages are expected, such as pressure ulcer prevention due to time sparing and keeping sterile using ready-to-hang fashion.

Aims: The aim of the study is to examine TEF effects on gastrointestinal tract dynamics, especially on gastric pH environment.

Method: Healthy subjects ingested two different TEFs with acidic or neutral pH-over 15 minutes were enrolled and their amounts of TEF in the stomach were measured using external ultrasonography (US) method by every 5 minutes between 5 and 120 minutes after ingestion.

Results: There is favoring trend in acidic TEF compared with neutral one in faster excretion from stomach with no side effects, such as diarrhea, abdominal distension and/or pain, or vomiting.

Conclusion: This study could be concluded that acidic TEF seems to have advantages in time-sparing and nutritional effects with no enteral adverse events.

Biography:

Hajifaraji Majid is a Research Associate Professor in Nutritional Sciences of the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), and has been served as Dean of Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology (FNSFT) from 2010- 2015 and President of Iranian Nutrition Society (INS) from 2011-2015. He has a PhD in clinical nutrition program at Kings College, London University.

Abstract:

In January 2015, WHO released a global estimate report, which showed more than 1.9 billion overweight adults including 600 million obese people in 2014. Unbalanced diets and low physical activity can contribute to chronic diseases. 65% of Iranian adults 40-64Y are overweight and obese, 45% with hypercholesterolemia and 47% are hypertensive and 42% have low physical activity and 16% identified and non-identified diabetes in total. The studies show that 80% of CVD and Diabetes and 40% of cancers are preventable by controlling the above risk factors and dietary patterns have a pivotal role in the control of NCD's. Two main restrictive policies which performed by Iranian authority to minimize the consumption of fat, salt and sugar: The first one is putting the tax for unhealthy food products and the updated list of unhealthy food products are published every year by Ministry of Health. In this program, tax of unhealthy foods spends on healthcare system. The second strategy is designing of a food traffic light labeling system which easily helps to estimate amounts of fat, salt, sugar and trans-fatty acids in one serving of food products. This system of labeling is mandatory for all of the industrial food products. Within 3 years, we could succeeded to reduce 1- 2.5% salt in bread, snacks, cheeses and sauces. The standard of salt in bread decreased from 2.3% to 1.8% and then 1% in 2016. According to the legislations and operational plans SFA in oil products was reduced to <25% and in food products such as snacks, biscuits and confections <30%. TFA was reduced from >20% to <8% in food products and <2% in edible oils in 2016. As a future plan, the road map in the national nutrition policy and food security in Iran by 2025 is mainly emphasizing on NCDs.

Biography:

I have expertise of clinical nutrition. I am doing nutrition management and nutritional guidance at general hospital based on Japanese nutritionist license. On the other hand, I am conducting research on clinical nutrition in graduate school. This study investigated how nutrient intake before and after the onset of pressure ul participates in prevention and cure of pressure ulcer.

Abstract:

Background: Pressure ulcer (PU) is a financial and physio-psychological burden in hospital settings, especially in the super-aged society.

Aim: To examine an association between energy deficit in the 7 days before PU development and the severity of hospital-acquired PU developed after admission in older adult patients.

Methods: The study was conducted under a retrospective observational design in all consecutive patients admitted to a single general hospital between July 2014 and June 2016. Data collection: 1) demographics domain- sex, age, body weight, body mass index (BMI), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), 2) PU domain- severity of PU scored by DESIGN-R score, NPUAP score, 3) blood test domain- hemoglobin (Hb), total lymphocyte count (TLC), serum albumin (Alb), C-reactive protein (CRP), Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), 4) nutrition domain- cumulative and daily energy and protein intakes 7 days before and 7 or 14 days after PU development, 5) outcome domain- survival status, length of hospital stay in hospital, length of days between admission and PU development. Then the follows were compared: Method 1-blood test data on admission and at development of pressure ulcers; Method 2-all data for subjects between energy sufficient and deficit groups: Method 3- energy intake between mild (NPUAP stage I,II) and severe (stage III, IV).

Results: Method 1: Serum Hb level (p <0.001), serum Alb level (p <0.001), and PNI (p <0.001) at PU development were significantly lower than that on admission. Method 2: no parameters showed a significant difference in energy sufficient and deficit group. Method 3: no significant differences in energy intake during 7 days before PU development and time-related clinical outcomes between mild and severe PU. (Table)

Conclusion: The results of the present study suggests that nutrition support for energy sufficiency during the 7 days before PU development had no impact on the PU severity and time-related outcomes.

Biography:

Shauna Leigh Groven, BS, is a graduate student currently obtaining a Master of Science in Nutritional Sciences at San Diego State University, as well as completing an ACEND-accredited Didactic Program of Dietetics at San Diego State University. She holds a Bachelor of Science in Biology from Oklahoma Christian University. In addition to her graduate studies, Shauna is participating in a research internship at Scripps Clinic in San Diego, CA, where she is studying the effects of diet and nutrition on the clinical course and outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). She conducts research evaluating diet and vitamin repletion in patients diagnosed with IBD, and performs statistical analysis of patients’ data.

Abstract:

Introduction: Dietary modification can potentially improve clinical symptoms and quality of life in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), including Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). In this study of the efficacy of an Autoimmune Protocol (AIP) diet in patients with IBD we examined the effect of the AIP diet on symptoms and quality of life, and compared the efficacy of the AIP diet between CD and UC.

Methods: We enrolled 18 adult patients with IBD with mild-moderate disease activity (HBI ≥ 5 or partial Mayo score ≥ 3) and objective evidence of active disease (endoscopy within 7 months and/or elevated fecal calprotectin within 1 month). Three patients withdrew prior to study start due to inability to commit to dietary modification. In the 11 week uncontrolled trial, patients transitioned to an AIP diet over six weeks, and then maintained the diet for five weeks. By week three, patients eliminated grains, alcohol, legumes, and nightshades. Patients prospectively completed health surveys prior to study start, and at weeks three, six, nine, and 11. Rating scale questions were analyzed by mixed design ANOVA using SPSS 24.0.

Results: Results showed that the final cohort included 15 patients (nine CD, six UC), with mean IBD duration of 19 years (SD 14.6) and active biologic use in seven patients. Nine patients have completed surveys at both baseline and week three. Compared to baseline, there were significant improvements in bowel movement frequency (36%, p=0.04), state relaxation/free of tension (28%, p=0.01), and performance of leisure/sport activities (29%, p=0.02) at week three. Surveys indicated no significant improvements in fatigue (45%, p=0.07) and energy (24%, p=0.14), as well as no significant decrease in frequency of abdominal cramps (6%, p=0.53), worry of surgery (5%, p=0.17), fear of not finding a toilet (6%, p=0.39), and irritable mood (18%, p=0.13). Effects of the AIP diet were not significantly different between CD and UC patients, and yielded no significant interaction between time and IBD subtype.

Discussion: Based on prospective patient-reported health surveys, the AIP diet significantly improved clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients with active CD and UC within the first three weeks. Our data suggests dietary change as a feasible and efficacious adjunct to IBD therapy.

Biography:

Eri Miyamoto has expertise in clinical nutrition. While working at an educational institution, she has learned and guided knowledge of various fields concerning nutrition. Currently she is studying outcome after esophageal cancer surgery.

Abstract:

Background: Esophageal cancer surgery has many postoperative complications even in surgical gastroenterological surgery, and length of hospital stay and mortality rate are also high, mainly due to surgical stress and impairment of water excretion. However, few clear indicator for moisture balance after esophageal cancer surgery exists so far.

Aim: To investigate an effect of cumulative water balance on outcomes.

Methods: All consecutive patients admitted for radical surgery for esophageal cancer (SE) to a single institute January 2013 to December 2013 was enrolled. Exclusion criteria: liver and/or renal dysfunction. The cumulative water balance (WB) within 7 days after SE was calculated and subjects were divided according to the following method to examine outcome prediction factors:(1) WB >= vs. <5,000 ml, (2) WB >= vs. <2,500 ml, (3) average daily WB >= vs. <10ml /kg, (4) average daily WB >= vs. <5 ml /kg.

Results: (1) The group with water intake of >=10 ml /kg / day showed significantly longer antibiotic-free-days than that in another group (9 (5, 9) vs.9 (9, 9), p = 0.022). (2) The group with water intake of >=5 ml /kg/day showed significantly shorter Length of stay in ICU (days) than that in another group (5 (3.5, 6.5) vs. 7 (4.5, 7.5), p = 0.047)

Conclusion: An average water balance during 7 days after esophageal cancer surgery may be a predictor of outcome.

Biography:

Medical doctor specialised in Public Health, PhD in biostatistics and Pharm D, Pr Francois-André Allaert is strongly involved in the field of medical evaluation and especially in the evaluation of health claim. He is managing a human clinical center specifically approved  by French health authorities for food supplement and enriched food evaluation. He is also managing the chair for health claim medical evaluation at the burgundy university of Dijon. He is authors of more than 1500 scientific oral communications and publications among which 210 are pubmed referred.

Abstract:

In the European Regulation 1924/2006 and especially its first recital; the evaluation of health claims (HC) by European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) was introduced so as “to ensure a high level of consumer protection, [and] give the consumer the necessary information to make choices in full knowledge of the facts…” Now, with 10 years of hindsight since the Regulation was adopted, it can be asked whether EFSA HC process of evaluation that led to a marginal number of accepted claims is consistent with this objective, not just for protecting consumers but for allowing them to decide freely and make informed choices.

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the inclusion of a ranking of the weight of evidence in the assessment of EFSA’s scientific substantiation of HC would allow consumers to benefit from the very high standard of scientific evaluation performed by EFSA.

The definition of standards of proof is a generalized practice and rests on the principle that evaluations of health practices should be understood in terms of descriptions ranging from formal proof from high-power double-blind placebo-controlled studies to rankings based on the consensus views of experts or even agreement among professionals. Grading of weight of evidence – not of scientific expertise – is pervasive in all the recommendations or consensus meetings of health authorities or learned societies. This approach would stimulate research and product innovation as industrials would see a positive return on investment.

The transition from an all-or-nothing system of health claims to a system graded by weight of evidence would be an alternative to the current system. This approach would be more consistent with the rationale of European Regulation which aims both to provide consumers with the best possible information by giving them the opportunity to exercise their free will in full knowledge of the facts and to promote research that meets sound scientific and medical grounds providing a basis for such information.

Biography:

Director  of the Territorial Nephrology Department – Cagliari Italy from 20  years. Main veiw researches: new and advanced dialytic techniques; prevention of Chronic Renal diseases by nutritional and pre-dialysis teams. spending review of methodologies and pharmaco economy. From 1998 I was using and improving combined nutritional and tailored dialysis; guidelines of water for dialysis, peritoneal dialysis. Reviewer of international journals: Kidney International, Nephron, Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, Journal of Nephrology, American Journal of Kidney Disease, Artificial Organs, BMC Nephrology ; Member of Editorial Boarding of Giornale Italiano di Nefrologia, Journal of Nephrology, Minerva Urologica e Nefrologica, Clinical Nephrology. International Journal of Artificial Organs.  Member of Italian Society of Nephrology from 1980.  Author / co-author of 374 scientific publications and abstracts of Nephrology 68 on med-line.

Abstract:

It is largely agreed that preservation of residual kidney function (RKF) has a directly proportional affect on general, and in particular cardiovascular mortality. The prolongation of  RKF depend to a rigorous hypoproteic regimen especially in phosphate contents because of a significative output urinary of phosphate that continues  despite of a severe decrease of residual kidney function. The RKF > 3 ml/Kg/die 1.73 s.m. and nutritional compliance allows to choose a new hemodialytic strategy called  Infrequent Hemodialysis (ID) as both as once-weekly (CDDP) or twice-weekly hemodialysis. The nutritional regimen and phosphaturia  has been frequently underestimated. The excessive proteic charge and hyperphosphataemia  load and damage residual nephrons. We compared general survival, nutritional and clinical parameters, phosphate pool balance between three patients cohorts: 10 on thrice weekly, 10 on two weekly and 9 on once weekly hemodialysis patients. We collected over 250 urine collections in patients with RKF.  The hemodialysis patients on ID who adhere accurately to a low protein diet of 0.6-0.8 g/Kg/day and phosphate intake 800-1000 mg/die.  In view of the significant impact produced by inadequate nutrition and poor phosphate control on both RKF and the frequency of even severe cardiovascular effects, infrequent dialysis with its negative or neutral weekly phosphate balance, may constitute a valid “bridging” treatment even in the long-term. Nutritional approach  and neutral phosphate control improved well being and the survival rates (fig.1) compared  respect to patients receiving conventional thrice-weekly hemodialysis.

Biography:

Asuman Gölgeli has  specialized in behavioral physiology and neurophysiology in experimental animals. She has developed anxiety and depression models in mice and rats, starvation  and obesity models, as well as food addiction models  and has conducted  research projects in these fields at Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology. Her area of study includes; Evaluation of behavioral parameters , testing of learning and memory, somatic sensations, pain threshold, startle reflex and gender roles in experimental animals.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a major flavor enhancer used as a food additive. It’s toxic effects causes a defect in apoptosis,learning  and memory mechanisms.In the previous studies, it’s effects on behaviour change, addiction, pain threshold, reference and working memory is insufficient. Therefore in our study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of MSG on anxiety, locomotor activity, addictive behavior, pain threshold, memory and some blood parameters in male and female rats over a long period of time.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation:  Wistar albino rats were used in this study. Experimental group had MSG added to their tap water for 12 weeks ( 250 mg/ kg MSG/ 0.5 L). Control group had only water.After 12 weeks behavioral parameters were evaluated in an open field apparatus. Reference and working memory were evaluated in three panel runway test. Pain threshold was measured by hot plate tail flick and von Frey filament tests. Addictive behaviors were evaluated in conditioned place prefererence test. Anxiety and panic behavior by elevated T-maze. 

Findings: MSG consumption significantly increases locomotor activity in male and female rats. Significant delay in hot plate test paw licking behavior and tail withdrawal behavior in tail flick test (p<0.001), a significant decrease in their body weight and the amount of food consumed(p<0.05), reference and working memory negatively (p<0.05) effected in MSG group, in conditioned place preference test time spent on target region “MSG with water “ as to non-target “ no substance“ is significantly greater (p<0.05).The blood glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels increased (p<0.05) in rats consuming MSG. 

Conclusion & Significance: 12 weeks of consuming tap water with MSG has negative effects; increased locomotor activity, curiosity behavior, pain threshold caused anxiety, panic, addictive behavior. Glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride levels are elevated. Effects were observed regardless of gender. By studying cognitive function and addiction of the median eminence, and relating them to reproductive status, we are able to  increase our understanding of the potential role of the hypothalamus in reproductive senescence in female mammals.

Biography:

Fernando Cordido has qualified in Medicine and Surgery and obtained his PhD (Summa cum Laude) at the Univer­sity of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. He has made his specialization in Endocrinology and Nutrition at the Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain. He is a Professor (Full) of Endocrinology and Nutrition at University of A Coruña and Specialist in Endocrinology and Nutrition at Hospital A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain. His main research interest is obesity and diabetes clinical and experimental, neuroendocrinology and pituitary diseases, growth hormone and ghrelin regulation and actions. He has published more than 200 peer-reviewed scientific articles, books and book chapters. He has received 10 scientific awards. He has received continuous research support as Principal Investigator over the last 20 years from different agencies.

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: Metabolic substrates and nutritional status play a major role in growth hormone (GH) secretion. Adiposity is associated with decreased growth hormone secretion. The mechanism of altered GH secretion in obesity is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism responsible for the GH hyposecretion in obesity.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The primary cause of impaired GH secretion in obesity could be an altered hypothalamus, abnormal pituitary function, or a perturbation of the peripheral signals acting at either the pituitary or hypothalamic level. We have reviewed the different clinical and experimental studies about the pathophysiological mechanism responsible for the GH hyposecretion in obesity.

Findings: Studies with the cholinergic agonist pyridostigmine support the idea that obesity is associated with a state of chronic somatostatin hypersecretion. The reduction of free fatty acids with acipimox enhanced GHRH-mediated and GHRH-plus GHRP-6-mediated GH release in obesity suggests that high free fatty acids contribute for the disrupted GH secretion. In obese patients there is a marked GH secretion after ghrelin alone or combined with GHRH. In addition, significant correlations have been found between the different indices of post-oral glucose GH and ghrelin secretion. These data suggest that ghrelin is a physiological regulator of GH in the post-oral glucose state, and that the decreased ghrelin secretion, present in obesity, could be one of the mechanisms responsible for altered GH secretion. The functional hyposomatotropism of obesity should be considered in the clinical evaluation of GH secretion. The reduced GH secretion of obesity has been associated with several cardiovascular risk factors although a cause-and-effect relationship has yet to be established.

Conclusions: The pathophysiological mechanism responsible for GH hyposecretion in obesity is multifactorial, and there is probably a chronic state of somatostatin hypersecretion, increased free fatty acids and decreased ghrelin.

Biography:

Caroline Dani is a Graduate at Biomedicina from Centro Universitário Feevale (2004), and she did her Master’s in General Biology from Universidade de Caxias do Sul (2006) and PhD in General Biology from Universidade de Caxias do Sul (2008). She has experience in Nutrition, focusing on Nutritional Biochemistry, acting on the following subjects: Suco, Orgânico,Convencional, Polifenóis, Antioxida, Antioxidante, Biologia Molecular, Suco De Uva And Estresse Oxidativo, Flavonóides and Hipertensão Porta.I

Abstract:

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of grape juice intake and high fat diet on gestational weight gain, biochemical profile and parameters of oxidative stress in brain (cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus). All procedures performed in these experiments were authorized by the animal ethics committee through the protocol number 009/2014 of Methodist University Center IPA. We observed that the grape juice consumption during the pregnancy provoke a reduction on weight gain during this period compared to the control group. About the lipid profile, we observed that the high fat diet induced an increase on LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglycerides levels, and a decrease on HDL-cholesterol level. In the hepatic damage markers, we observed that the grape juice consumption was capable to reduce the ALT and AST levels. All these analyses were performed on serum. In brain, we observed that the grape juice consumption reduced the lipid peroxidation in cerebral cortex and cerebellum, any difference was observed in hippocampus. The protein oxidation was decreased in the hippocampus from the dams that received grape juice. Also, the grape juice consumption during the pregnancy reduced the superoxido dismutase activity in hippocampus and cerebellum. In this way, the grape juice consumption increased the antioxidant defense of non-enzymatic (sulphidryl content) in cerebellum. We concluded that the pregnancy dietary choices are very important to improve the health during this period. The intake of grape juice appeared as a good option to reduce the gain weight and also to reduce de oxidative stress damage during this period. 

Biography:

Maria J Esteve is an expert in food analysis. She has studied the effect of non-conventional conservation treatments (electrotechnologies, high pressures and ultrasounds) on physicochemical characteristics, nutrients and bioactive compounds of foods of vegetal origin. In her last project she studied the valorization of residues of the food industry with the extraction by non-conventional techniques of bioactive compounds (phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, carotenes) and colored compounds. She has also studied the possible interactions between the compounds as well as their bioaccessibility and the effect that different technologies can have. 

Abstract:

The legislative framework developed in Spain and Europe establishes as a priority the recycling and recovery of waste and by-products against deletion (European Directive 2006/12/EC). In Spain, 6.5 million tons of citrus fruits are produced annually, 30% goes to industrial use. Of the fruits, citrus processed between the 35 and 55% is by-product. These by-products can be exploited to obtain compounds of added value (fiber, composite bioactive, color). In this way, the by-product is valued and inputs reduced. This study evaluates the extraction of compounds colored skin of the orange and its possible use as coloring natural, using the technology of ultrasonic of easy implementation in the industry food. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction is performed with the Qsonica 500 sonicator. It determines the color of extracts by means of the colorimeter ColorQuest XE (HunterLab). The optimization of the process is done using central composite design using three levels to identify the interaction between experimental factors: ultrasonic power (0-400 W), runtime (5-30 min) and percentage of solvent (0 - 50% ethanol in water). The results show that ultrasonidos-assisted extraction allows extracting the highest content of compounds colored without the use of solvents (ethanol). The value of Chroma is 19.0±0.1 when applied a power of 400 W, 5 and 30 min and water as extraction liquid is used. This value of Chroma coincides when grind the sample and extract with a solution of ethanol in water at 50%. In both cases, a value much higher than the one obtained in orange juice (10.8±0. 8). The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: power 370 W, extraction time 5 min and ethanol 34% in water.

Biography:

Ana Gabriella Pereira Alves is a nutritionist graduated from the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. Completed master’s degree in Health Sciences (Faculty of Medicine/Federal University of Goiás, Brazil) and is currently a PhD student in the same program. Concluded a postgraduate in Sports Nutrition and is a postgraduate student in Functional Clinical Nutrition. Co-author of two book chapters, related to Sports Nutrition, and is anthropometrist ISAK Level 1. Member of the Laboratory of Physiology, Nutrition and Health (Faculty of Physical Education and Dance/Federal University of Goiás, Brazil).

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: Overweight is a worldwide public health problem, including in Brazil, and fruits and vegetables consumption is a way to prevent it. In relation to vitamin C, found mainly in fruits and vegetables, its consumption contributes to the reduction of the inflammatory process associated with overweight.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between vitamin C intake and obesity in Brazilian adults. Methodology: this cross-sectional study was developed in March  2016  with  31  subjects  from  Santo  Antônio de Goiás, Central-West region of Brazil. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. The body fat percentage was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and the subjects were classified as obese and non-obese. For the assessment of the adequacy of vitamin C intake, were collected 24-hour dietary recalls in three non-consecutive days, including one day of the weekend, considering the average intake. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of low vitamin C intake between obese and non-obese. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between obesity and vitamin C intake. P values <0.05 were considered significant. Findings: Of the 31 participants, 96.8% were female and the mean age was 41.39 (± 11,36) years. There was a greater prevalence of low vitamin C intake among obese adults (p = 0.006) (Table 1), and the low intake of vitamin C increased the chance of being obesity (OR =  0.060, p =  0.028) (Table 2). Conclusion: The consumption of foods rich in vitamin C should be encouraged among the assessed obese adults, improving the intake of foods with lower energy density and higher antioxidante status, which consenquently will prevent future health problems.

Biography:

Roni Lara Moya has done his studies in Biomedicine from the University of Mogi das Cruzes, Sao Paulo. He has done his specialization in Anti-Aging Medicine from Seville University, Spain. He completed his Master of Science in Molecular and Cellular Immunology and Biology from the University of Coimbra, Portugal and Master of Science in Clinical Advanced Nutrition from the University of Barcelona, Spain. He did his PhD in Biomedicine and Immunology from the Gulbenkian Institute of Science and Coimbra University.  He is the Coordinator of Orthomolecular Medicine of ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention. He is the Professor and Director of the Graduation Program in Orthomolecular Therapy-CESPU University, Portugal. He is the Scientific Advisor for Nutraceuticals and Cell Therapy Companies in Europe

Abstract:

One of the main health problems of the contemporary life and a mandatory concern to all anti-aging physicians is the outcome of the constant contact with the high level of intoxication, which can be connected to the widest range of diseases, from allergies till cancer or neurodegeneration. Discussion of the physiological pathways for detoxification has been mainly centered around phase I and phase II enzyme systems. Some key nutrients and antioxidants substances, which can inhibit the oxidation of a molecule and have the capacity to nullify the ill effects of oxidation caused by free radicals in the living organisms, have been and continue to be investigated for their role in the modulation of metabolic pathways involved in detoxification processes. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase are the key enzymatic antioxidants of this defense system by which the free radicals that are produced during metabolic reactions are removed. Several publications to date have leveraged cell, animal, and clinical studies to demonstrate that within the correct dose and synergy, food-derived components and nutrients can function as important co-factors to modulate processes of conversion and excretion of toxins from the body. The “Phase I” cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes (CYP450) is generally the first defense employed by the body to bio transform xenobiotics, steroid hormones, and pharmaceuticals. These microsomal membrane-bound, heme-thiolate proteins, located mainly in the liver, but also in enterocytes, kidneys, lung, and even the brain, are responsible for the oxidation, peroxidation, and reduction of several endogenous and exogenous substrates. It is accepted that any variability in the number of CYP450 enzymes could have benefit(s) and/or consequence(s) for how some individual responds to the effect(s) of (a) toxin(s). Many nutrients appear to act as both inducers and inhibitors of CYP1 enzyme. These findings indicate that specific foods, vitamins, minerals, enzymes, etc., may upregulate or favorably balance metabolic pathways to assist with toxin biotransformation and subsequent elimination. Various foods such as cruciferous vegetables, berries, soy, garlic, turmeric and other spices, plus probiotics and exogenous antioxidants such as vitamins C, E, B complex, glutathione, cysteine, taurine, methionine, L-carnitine, CoQ10, etc., have been suggested to be beneficial and commonly prescribed as part of the orthomolecular and functional medicine-based therapies. The objective of this talk is to highlight the clinical effect of the orthomolecular nutrients in the detoxification mechanisms. Enhance the knowledge about the main antioxidants, foods, and their individual phytonutrients, especially in the case of dietary supplements and functional foods, could be worthwhile for clinicians to consider for patients who are taking a polypharmacy approach or are in contact with pollution by-products, heavy metals, hormones and further xenobiotics.

Biography:

Hajifaraji Majid is a Research Associate Professor in Nutritional Sciences of the National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), and has been served as Dean of Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology (FNSFT) from 2010- 2015 and President of Iranian Nutrition Society (INS) from 2011-2015. He has a PhD in clinical nutrition program at Kings College, London University.

Abstract:

Despite achieved progress in the control and treatment of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), these patients are still at risk of disease complications. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of probiotic supplement on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) among GDM pregnant women.

In this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial 64 pregnant women with GDM were assigned into two groups and received probiotic capsule (n=32) or placebo (n=32) for 8 weeks. Blood pressures were measured at baseline and 2 weeks intervals and up to 8 weeks.

56 subjects were analyzed at the end of the study. After 8 weeks, SBP didn’t differ significantly in probiotic group at any time checkpoint but increased significantly in placebo group. DBP changes in a trend in probiotic group was obvious after 2 weeks and was reducing towards, however in placebo group, there was a tendency for higher DBP after week 6. There were significant differences between two groups of study after 6 weeks in the terms of SBP[104.828 (2.051) mmHg vs. 112.963 (2.126) mmHg , p=0.008 and 106.552(1.845)mmHg vs. 115.185(1.912)mmHg, p=0.002, in weeks 6 and 8 respectively] and DBP [62.414 (1.353) mmHg vs. 70.741 (1.402) mmHg , p<0.001and 60.690 (1.540)mmHg vs. 71.296 (1.596)mmHg, p< 0.001, in weeks 6 and 8 respectively].

Conclusion: The results demonstrated that taking probiotic supplements for 8 weeks in patients with GDM prevented the increase of SBP and resulted in reduction of DBP after 2 weeks of consumption.

Biography:

Yi-Cheng Hou beening detention since June 2007 in Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital. So far, in the clinical business in the deep understanding of pre-diabetes and diabetes patients have an increasing trend for the active intervention of this group of patients become urgent of the subject. Diabetes and pre-diabetes in addition to blood sugar than the average person, the nutritional intake and diet behavior correction, intestinal function has begun to occur lesions, and even whether the brain structure has begun to change, need to be strictly monitored. Therefore, Hou dietitian research is mainly for pre-diabetes and diabetes patients with the above objectives of the intervention. During the working period, two papers have been published in the domestic society, ten international papers, one from SCI original papers and international journals SCI papers.

Abstract:

The functional connectivity of diabetes can help us explain the brain function decline in hyperglycemic status. However, the issue has not been addressed much in prediabetes. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the inter-hemispheric coordination in the prediabetes. Sixty-four prediabetic patients and fifty-four controls were enrolled in this protocol. They received the structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging screen. The imaging data were preprocessed and analyzed to obtain voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), which can measure inter-hemispheric coordination. The VMHC values were compared between two groups with age and gender as covariates. The controls had higher VMHC values than prediabetic patients in bilateral anterior cingulate cortex. The prediabetic patients had higher VMHC values than controls in bilateral middle frontal gyrus. The VMHC values were also negatively correlated with pre-prandial serum glucose level in inferior frontal gyrus of prediabetic patients. In addition, the VMHC values of prediabetic patients were negatively correlated with total carbohydrate and calorie intake in anterior cingulate cortex. The inter-hemispheric coordination in anterior sub-network of default mode network and fronto-cingulate regions would play a role in the pathophysiology of prediabetes. The diet impact on the inter-hemispheric coordination is also an interesting issue.

Biography:

Çaglar Akçalı has completed her Bachelor of Nutrition and Dietetic from Ege University. She is doing her Master’s degree in Department of Nutrition and Dietetic at Ankara Univesity. Also, she is a Research Assistant at the same university.

Abstract:

Essential subject taking place within the education process of students of nutrition and dietetics who are responsible for the regulation of nutrition of whole society and trainings in this issue is on bodily use of nutritional elements and disease relations. The aim of this study is to figure out to what extent effects of micronutrients on nutrition and human health is known by especially students of nutrition and dietetics who lead the society in terms of nutrition. This study has been conducted with 168 (157 females and 11 males) undergraduate students in 3th and 4^th grade of Department of Nutrition and Dietetics of two universities. In the study, micronutrient knowledge of students has been investigated. A questionnaire form with 33 questions has been used in the study. 1 and 0 points have been given to each true, false and neutral responses respectively. In total, minimum 0 and maximum 33 points can be obtained. In all statistical tests, significance level has been accepted as p <0.05. Any significant difference has not been found between average knowledge points and gender, age, grade and university (p >0.05). It has been figured out that average knowledge point of students is 19. This study has an importance in terms of determining the knowledge level of students of nutrition and dietetics who have a vital role in protection of community health about micronutrient resources, its recommended doses, health problems as a result of inadequate or high intakes. As a result of the study, knowledge level of the ones who have taken education in this issue is moderate. Following the current guides may be helpful for the students to keep their knowledge updated.

Biography:

Semsi Gul Yilmaz was born on February 6, 1993, in Konya, Turkey. In 2014, she has completed from Gazi University’s Department of Nutrition and Dietetics in Ankara after graduating from primary school and high school in Konya. She is doing her Master's degree in Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Ankara University in 2015. Also, she is a Research Assistant  at the same university. She is interested in obesity, nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, genotoxicity

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: The prevalence of obesity has reached very serious dimensions and continues to increase day by day. Most of the studies aimed at obesity consist of physiological and biochemical clinical studies. However, obesity is not only a psychological and physiological aspect, but also an important health problem that should be addressed by social aspects due to discriminatory or stigmatizing and prejudiced behaviors of obese individuals against others in the society. The purpose of this study is to determine the body perception and obesity prejudice in university students.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The study was conducted on 607 university students (465 female and 142 male) in Ankara. The GAMS-27 Obesity Prejudice Scale was used to assess the prevalence of obesity and to be focused on the views of participants about obese individuals, their health status, and their social relationships. The significance level in all statistical tests was accepted as p<0.05.

Findings: The mean body mass index (BMI) of male was 23.6±3.02 kg/m² while female was 21.4±2.72 kg/m². The rate of participation in the negative statement about body perception and obesity prejudice in the prejudiced group was found to be higher than the unprejudiced group. Numerical differences between those who were prejudiced and unprejudiced were statistically significant.

Conclusion & Significance: Many individuals think that they are not prejudiced against obese individuals, but there are prejudices that they are not aware of it. Although most participants state that they are not prejudiced against obese individuals, it is clear that the result is prejudiced or prone to bias. Obesity prejudice and body perception disturbance are a very important problem today. In order to determine the necessary policies for resolving these problems, it is necessary to carry out more comprehensive studies on the causes and the influences of these situations.

Biography:

Ana Gabriella Pereira Alves is a Nutritionist graduated from the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. C er’s degree in Health Sciences (Faculty of Medicine/Federal University of Goiás, Brazil) and is currently a PhD student in the same program. She concluded a postgraduate in Sports Nutrition and is a postgraduate student in Functional Clinical Nutrition, co-author of two book chapters, related to Sports Nutrition, and is Anthropometrist ISAK Level 1. She is also a Member of the Laboratory of Physiology, Nutrition and Health (Faculty of Physical Education and Dance/Federal University of Goiás, Brazil).

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Overweight is a worldwide public health problem, including in Brazil, and fruits and vegetables consumption is a way to prevent it. In relation to vitamin C, found mainly in fruits and vegetables, its consumption contributes to the reduction of the inflammatory process associated with overweight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between vitamin C intake and obesity in Brazilian adults.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was developed in approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. The body fat percentage was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and the subjects were classified as obese and non-obese. For the assessment of the adequacy of vitamin C intake, were collected 24-hour dietary recalls in three non-consecutive days, including one day of the weekend, considering the average intake. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of low vitamin C intake between obese and non-obese. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between obesity and vitamin C intake. P values <0.05 were considered significant.

Findings: Of the 31 participants, 96.8% were female and the mean age was 41.39 (±11,36) years. There was a greater prevalence of low vitamin C intake among obese adults (p=0.006) (Table 1), and the low intake of vitamin C increased the chance of being obesity (OR=0.060, p= 0.028) (Table 2).

Conclusion: The consumption of foods rich in vitamin C should be encouraged among the assessed obese adults, improving the intake of foods with lower energy density and higher antioxidante status, which consenquently will prevent future health problems.

Biography:

Caroline Sawe is a Lecturer at Moi University, Kenya. She teaches Human Nutrition. She is a PhD student at University of Nairobi Kenya in Applied Human Nutrition. She holds a Master’s degree in Public Health (Moi University, Kenya), Bachelors of Sciences degree in Foods Nutrition and Dietetics (Egerton University, Kenya). Prior to joining Moi University, she worked at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret as a Nutrition Office and an HIV nutrition research project. She believes research is the most important service she can provide to her poor community because it is only opportunity she can help a generation function knowledgeably in a society where rapid technological advances constantly pose new questions and ethical challenges.

Abstract:

Globally an estimated 19 million children are malnourished. The prevalence of child overweight is rising in low income countries and more in the poor rural setting. It is no longer associated with socio economic elite. It predisposes individuals to adulthood obesity, psychological morbidity and is associated with increase in prevalence of non-communicable diseases. This is a public health issue that needs urgent intervention. In several communities, trained Community Health Workers have been used as agents of improving nutritional outcomes and have proved effective. World Vision Kenya trains them on timed target counseling where they visit mothers and give key nutrition messages at specific times during child’s growth. This study assessed the effect of the counseling intervention on nutritional status of 101 children aged below two years in a rural setting in Kenya. The analysis compared nutritional status before and after the intervention. Child weight and height were collected and Weight for Age Z-scores calculated. Mean age of children was 11.84 months, weight 8.6kg, height 70.86cm and 51(50.5%) were females. The prevalence of overweight and severely overweight was 3.79% and 3.01% at baseline and 10.89% and 4.95% (chi= 21.547, p<0.001) respectively at end-line. It is emerging that overweight in young children is a worrying trend and interventions even in poor settings should not ignore over-nutrition. This trend should be tamed before in early years of life so as to avert its negative consequences in later years.

Biography:

Gulsum Gizem Topal works as Research Assistant in the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Hacettepe University. She holds a Master’s degree on Food Service System. Her Master’s thesis topic is the determination of the aflatoxin M1 levels in different yogurt types in the markets. She wants to continue her academic life with food carcinogens that she is interested in.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major toxic and carcinogenic molecule in milk and milk products. Therefore, it poses a risk for public health. There are some studies that probiotics have a binding ability to AFM1, so that they can remove the AFM1 from yoghurt. The aim of this study is to evaluate the AFM1 binding ability of some probiotic bacteria in phosphate buffer saline.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: The PBS samples artificially contaminated with AFM1 at concentration 100 pg/ml were prepared with probiotics bacteria that including monoculture (L. plantarum, B. bifidum ATCC, B. animalis ATCC 27672) and binary culture (L. bulgaricus + S. thermophiles, B. bifidum ATCC + B. animalis ATCC 27672, L. plantarum+B. bifidum ATCC, L. plantarum+ B. animalis ATCC 27672). The samples were incubated at 37°C for 4 hours and stored for 1, 5 and 10 days. The toxin was measured by the ELISA.

Findings: The highest levels of AFM1 binding ability (63.6%) in PBS were detected yoghurt starter bacteria, while L. plantarum had the lowest levels of AFM1 binding ability (35.5%) in PBS. In addition, it was found that there was significant effect of storage on AFM1 binding ability in all groups except the one including B. animalis (p<0.05).

Conclusion & Significance: Results demonstrate that AFM1 detoxification by probiotic bacteria has a potential application to reduce toxin concentrations in yoghurt. Moreover, probiotic strains can react with itself as synergic or antagonist.

Biography:

Sumeyra Sevim has gratuated from Department of Nutrient and Dietetics, Hacettepe University in 2013 and Master’s degree in Food Service System at Hacettepe University, then she completed her Master’s degree which is related to AFM1 detoxification by probiotic bacteria in 2016. She is still a PhD student. She wants to work on probiotic bacteria for her PhD thesis.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) represents mutagenic, carcinogenic and immunosuppressive properties, and shows adverse effect on human health. It is emphasized that probiotic bacteria can reduce the level of toxin by AFM1 binding ability in recent studies. Moreover, the studies show that inulin is a prebiotic to improve the ability of probiotic bacteria. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the effect of inulin on AFM1 binding ability of some probiotic bacteria.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Yoghurt samples were manufactured with artificially contaminated skimmed milk powder with 100 pg/ml AFM1. Different samples were prepared using L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus as yoghurt starter bacteria and L. plantarum, B. bifidum ATCC, B. animalis ATCC 27672 as probiotic bacteria. Moreover, the same work groups were prepared with inulin (4%). The samples were incubated at 42°C for 4 hours, then stored for three different time interval (1, 5 and 10 days). The toxin was measured by the ELISA.

Findings: When inulin was added to work groups, there was significant change AFM1 binding ability at least one sample in all groups except the one with L. plantarum (p<0.05). The highest levels of AFM1 binding ability (68.7%) was found in B. bifidum and inulin added samples, while the lowest levels of AFM1 binding ability (47.2%) was found in B. animalis and inulin added samples. The most impressive effect of inulin was found on B. bifidum. In this study, it was obtained that there was a significant effect of storage on AFM1 binding ability in the all groups with inulin except the one with L. plantarum (p<0.05).

Conclusion & Significance: Results show that AFM1 detoxification by probiotics has a potential application to reduce toxin concentrations in yoghurt. Besides, inulin has different effects on AFM1 binding ability of each probiotic bacteria strain.

Biography:

Professor Kaj Winther was earlier deeply involved in cardiovascular research and medicine with special reference to thrombosis and haemostasis and worked for a period at the Harvard Medical School, Boston, on the topic “Circadian variation in Myocardial Infraction”. Later in his career he more and more focused on development and clinical testing of herbal remedies and different versions of new foods. His interest in food and herbal remedies is also based on the fact that much prescription medicine including the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID`s) are blamed for serious side effects. As many of our top athletes and more and more of the average population trying to get into a “better shape” is abusing NSAID`s, more attention should be drawn to develop new “pain-killers” without serious side effects. Here some food supplements, herbal remedies and some new foods, might be interesting to future develop – replies Kaj Winther.

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: Strenuous exercise results in muscle pain and stiffness. This can reduce training capacity, success during competition and quality of life, especially if optimal daily performance is mandatory as in bicycling (Tour de France) or in team sports (hockey and soccer) where tournaments can go for days.  Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID`s) reduces muscle symptoms. However, gastro intestinal “side effects” occur. This research aims to clarify if powdered rose hip, subspecies LiTo, containing galactolipid GOPO and seeds  alleviates muscle pain and stiffness observed after  exercise. Methodology and Theoretical Orientation: Randomized, placebo controlled studies were conducted in 76 horses (trotters) and in 44 greyhounds treated 0.1 – 0.3 g powder/kg body weigh daily, for three month. The staff around  the animals evaluated muscle pain and stiffness on  questionnaires and animal competition speed. Healthy, human, middle age, modestly trained volunteers in randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled design and 18 younger trained volunteers (cross-fit), in open trial, were given the same treatment, in lower dose, for at least 3 month. Findings: In horses and greyhounds  rose-hip treatment reduced muscle pain and stiffness when evaluated vs placebo the day after competition (p<0.048). Active treatment improved the speed of animals to some extent. In modestly trained human volunteers active treatment resulted in a significant decline in reported muscle stiffness and pain (p<0.045) and in an increase in the quality of life (p<0.040). The younger group of intensively trained cross-fitters reported a significant decline in pain and stiffness the day after strenuous exercise (p<0.020) and in an improvement of quality of life (p<0.035). Conclusion and Significance: The data suggest that the present rose hip food supplement alleviate pain and stiffness caused by exercise in animals and humans. The present remedy might reduce NSAID abuse in sportsmen and in ordinary people who want to improve their physical performance.

Biography:

Dr. Houtkooper’s expertise focuses on the relationships of nutrition and physical activity to bone health, obesity prevention and personal fitness. She was selected to be a member of the Science Board for the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition, and is on the editorial board of the American College of Sports Medicine Health and Fitness Journal.  Her research has been funded by competitive grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), foundations and organizations. She has published over 50 peer reviewed research articles and is a co-author of numerous books, curriculums, magazine articles and other publications.

Abstract:

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by excessively low bone density, bone fragility, and increased risk of fracture with relatively minor trauma. This debilitating disease cannot be cured but can be prevented. The etiology of osteoporosis is complex and multi-factorial. Evidence indicates the incidence of osteoporosis may be increasing even more than would be expected based on the increased number of older persons, suggesting a decrease in bone quality from generation to generation. If not prevented, osteoporosis can progress silently and painlessly until a bone fractures. The already staggering medical, social and economic costs related to osteoporosis can be expected to increase unless effective prophylactic and therapeutic regimens are developed. The combination of adequate nutrient intake from food and supplements, exercise and medications may have added benefits for improving bone mineral density and preventing osteoporosis compared to a single intervention. This presentation will focus on key nutritional and exercise factors for the prevention of osteoporosis.  It will feature the exercise intervention and findings from the Bone Estrogen Strength Training research study (B.E.S.T) which was a United States National Institutes of Health funded clinical trial. This study demonstrated that bone mineral density could be maintained or increased in the short term (1 year) and the long term (4 years) in postmenopausal women with a progressive resistance and weight-bearing exercise program and adequate nutritional intake. This research study indicated that individuals who consistently did the prescribed volume of weight lifted had the greatest effect on increasing bone mineral density. Health-care professionals may implement the B.E.S.T Exercise program by using the step-by-step educational book entitled The BEST Exercise Program for Osteoporosis Prevention.

Biography:

N Arlappa has completed his MD in Community Medicine from NTR University of Medical Sciences, India. He has been working as Nutrition Scientist in the Division of Community Studies, National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India, since 1997. He has 18 years research of experience in the field of Public Health Nutrition and published more than 50 scientific papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals. He has also published 4 book chapters, completed more than 40 research studies and published more than 250 technical reports. He has attended and presented more than 25 scientific papers in national and international conferences/workshops. He is the Faculty Member for the Courses of MPH (NIE), MSc (Nutrition) and PG Certificate course in Applied Nutrition at NIN and currently working as a Deputy Director.

Abstract:

Introduction: Rapid nutrition transition is taking place in worldwide, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. As a part of it, there was an increased demand for domestic production and import of oilseeds and vegetable oils from other counties. Consequently, there is a marked increase in consumption of edible oils in Indian populations; from 31.4 g/d/capita in 1993–1994 to 41.6 g/d/capita in 2011–2012. In India, vegetable oils used in cooking represent 80% of the visible fat and there has been a shift from traditional groundnut oil to other oils such as palmolein, mustard, sunflower oils and increased consumption of ghee. Objective: The objective of this communication was to study the time trends in consumption pattern of Fats and Oils among Indian population. Materials & Methods: National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB) has been carrying out large scale community based cross-sectional studies in rural, tribal and urban areas of different States of India, covering two-thirds of its geographical area. The latest surveys carried out by the NNMB and other organisations on diet and nutritional status of rural, tribal and urban population was utilised for this communication. Use of different cooking oils and consumption patterns of visible and total fats obtained through 24-hour re-call diet survey among the rural and tribal populations by age group, literacy status and occupation was analysed and presented. Results: Majority of households in India were using mustard oil for cooking purpose followed by groundnut, palm oil, soybean oil, coconut and sunflower oil.  In general, at household level, the intakes of visible fats are less than RDI (20gr), and the deficit intake of total fat was >50% of RDA during three time points among tribal and rural population. Similarly, the intake of total fat was grossly deficit against the RDA (40mg) across all the age groups and genders. Likewise, the mean household intakes of visible fats were below the RDI among urban populations. However, the adequacy (≥70% of RDA) of consumption of fats was higher among the adults (≥18 years) as compared to adolescents and children.Conclusions: In general, the dietary consumption of visible fats as well as total fats was grossly deficit among tribal, rural and urban population in India.

Biography:

Abstract:

Pregnancy, this particular moment in the life of a woman, requires monitoring of eating behavior changes. However the food choices during pregnancy should be varied and healthy, including the consumption of different food groups. Nutritional status is the process of acquisition and consumption of food, therefore a varied diet is associated with good nutritional status. This is why the nutrition education is a strategy commonly applied to improve maternal nutrition during pregnancy. Thus, it is crucial to assess "The eating behavior and nutritional status of pregnant women living in Keserwan Lebanon”. In order to evaluate the association of different persona, socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors with the eating behavior and nutrition in the concerned study category, a cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 150 pregnant women aging between 18 and 40 years randomly selected from the hospitals and clinics located in Keserwan area and equally distributed between different cities and villages of the area according to altitude. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the eating behavior of the concerned population and to compare it to the recommendation of the food guide pyramid, their level of food awareness and finally to analyze their blood tests in order to detect any nutrients deficiency that they may face during the course of their pregnancy. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, eating behaviour, health, eating patterns, awareness and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) were collected through a validated questionnaire specifically adapted for the purpose of the study. Statistical analysis was carried out and multivariate models were used in order to evaluate the association between several independent variables and the eating behaviour and nutritional status of Lebanese pregnant women. The final analysis has shown that 48.7% of pregnant women were aged between 30 and 40 years old, 56% had a normal BMI between 18.5 and 24.9, thus age affects the eating behavior, so the older are the pregnant women, and the healthier is their eating behavior. In fact, 80.7% had acceptable food behavior which is based on an equilibrium between both quantity and quality of food, although the recommended foods are foods found in the food pyramid and available in the Lebanese diet. In addition, 68% had an acceptable level of awareness concerning the health importance of good eating habits, therefore, it is positively affecting their food choices. Moreover, 50 % have an acceptable nutritional status which is confirmed from their biological tests. Future governmental or national studies and programs could be settled aiming to increase the awareness about the good eating behaviors and nutritional status of Lebanese pregnant women.

Biography:

Keflie, Tibebeselassie, is a PhD candidate in human nutrition at Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany. He studied infectious diseases at Addis Abeba University, Ethiopia. Presently, he is working in nutrition and infectious diseases.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: There has been extensive focus on the quantity of food produced and consumed, and much less attention given to the nutritional quality of foods and diets. The aims of this study were to assess and examine the interactions between dietary patterns, dietary adequacy, nutritional quality and nutritional status, and to highlight their implications in nutritional interventions.   Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in North Shewa zone of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia from December, 2014 to February, 2015. Multistage sampling techniques were employed to recruit study subjects. A total of 640 subjects involved in the study. Data were collected using structured and seven-day recall questionnaires developed from the guidelines for measuring household and individual dietary diversity. Chi-Square test, Kruskal-Walis test, spearman correlation, multiple linear and multinomial regression models were used for inferential analyses. Findings: The main dietary patterns included cereals, vegetables and legumes. About 40% of subjects consumed either plant or animal source of vitamin A and 13.75% consumed meat, organs or fish source of haem iron. The median (range) of food variety score (FVS) and diet diversity score (DDS) were 16 (8-25) and 3.43 (1.14-5.57), respectively. About 28.1% of subjects were malnourished. FVS correlated with DDS (r=0.502, p<0.0001), body mass index (BMI) (r=0.145, p<0.0001) and average meal frequency (r=-0.102, p=0.01). The correlation between DDS and BMI was 0.190 (p<0.0001). FVS was determined by family size and educational status, but the later determined DDS. Conclusion & Significance: Poor dietary adequacy and nutritional quality as well as high risks for micronutrient deficiencies were identified. These underlined the implications of nutritional interventions and therefore, it is recommended to improve food and nutrition security in the area.

Biography:

Anna, Kiss (1989) BSc in dietetics; (University of Pécs; Faculty of Health Science); MSc in Nutritional sciences; (Semmelweis University, Budapest), clinical practice at Frankfurter Diakonie Kliniken, Ph.d. student (2^nd year) at Faculty of Food Sciences of Szent István University, Department of Food Economics. Topics of Ph.d. thesis: Social burden of obesity. Part-time expert at National Food Chain Safety Office. Field of interest: diet in Obesity and Underweight, sport nutrition, clinical nutrition.

Abstract:

Background: the prevalence of obesity among the Hungarian adult population is one of the highest in Europe, being one of the main factors of mortality.

Motivation: A frequent counter-argument in framework of debates on modification of nutrition structure of population is the high cost of changing to more “healthier” nutritional patters. This is an extremely important problem in a middle-income country, where the food-related expenses are as high as 40% of disposable income of households. Our goal has been to determine the characteristic features of current nutrition structure, cost of it, and the cost of optimised nutrition structure.

Methodology: In framework of a preliminary study of a national-wide survey, face-to-face interviews have been carried out to determine the food consumption structure of 80 Hungarian households in two non-consecutive days, offering information on nutrition of nearly 200 respondents. The sample was distorted, because the dwellers of capital of Hungary, and the intelligentsia have been over-represented in it, but could furnish reliable information on consumption-structure of middle-, and middle-upper class of the society.

Dataset has been analysed by different sophisticated artificial intelligence methods (machine learning algorithms), with purpose of obtaining an optimal classification of most characteristic food consumption patterns.

On base of patterns, offering the best accuracy, as well as internationally accepted data-bases on recommended nutrition intake, taking into consideration the physical activity as well as demographic characteristics of the sample and the actual procuration prices of different products, applying the Linear Programming algorithm of Lindo® Systerms a recommended nutrition structure has been developed for each pattern.

Results: comparative analysis of actual and optimised nutrition intake values highlights the false argument of high cost of healthy nutrition. This fact opens new frontiers for the tailor-made mobile applications, offering a suitable help for consumers of healthy, easy, cost-effective and sustainable food choice.

Biography:

Mona Almujaydil, I am currently pursuing PhD in Human Nutrition at Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.

Abstract:

Vitamin D deficiency has long been recognised as a cause of skeletal diseases such as osteomalacia and rickets. In recent years, concerns have also spread to a range of non-skeletal conditions (Holick et al., 2011). Hypovitaminosis D is a serious problem in the UK (Sinha et al., 2013). Reduced sunshine exposure and limited dietary sources of vitamin D, coupled with other factors could lead to increased incidence of hypovitaminosis D among the UK population especially amongst ethnic minorities due to their eating habits and high skin pigmentation. The purpose of this study is to determine which ethnic minority groups are living in Manchester (latitude, 53°N) who are at greater risk of developing vitamin D deficiency and needs more awareness and effective recommendations related to diet and lifestyle in order to attain the adequate level of vitamin D. In this study, a questionnaire was used to determine diet and lifestyle factors that are associated with an increase a risk of hypovitaminosis D. Two hundred fifty three respondents who completed the questionnaire. The estimated mean vitamin D intake by food frequency questionnaire was 2.26 µ/d for South Asian, followed by Arab (2.00 µ/d) while the lowest vitamin D intake was among Black people. The average of usual sun exposure was 0.25 hours/day for Arab, South Asian. Other risk factors for vitamin D deficiency included low use of supplements (p > 0.05); being overweight or obese (64 % Arab and 39% Black race); the percentage of smoker and alcohol intake were higher among Black participants than other (13.3% Arab ,45.5% Black race). This study shows that vitamin D intake (food and supplements) and time spend outdoors were low among all ethnic minority groups that may pose a threat to the development of vitamin D deficiency.

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: We examined the safety of semisolid nutrition by tracking its flow using contrast X-rays.

Method: A bolus of semisolid nutrition containing contrast medium was administered to examine the residual quantity in the stomach over time. A gastrointestinal prokinetic drug was administered when the retention of the contrast medium in the stomach was observed. This study was performed from June 2011 through the end of June 2015.

Results: A gastrointestinal prokinetic drug was administered to 9 patients with the contrast medium remaining in the stomach. The results showed use of the drug to significantly reduce the contrast area in the stomach at 6 hours after administration.

Conclusions: Our results confirmed the necessity of tracking a semisolid nutrient bolus containing contrast medium, employing contrast X-rays with a gastrointestinal prokinetic drug, to examine its useful

Biography:

Theodora Mantzourani BSc, MD, MRCGP, MSc, DipNutMed is a GP Specialist in Endocrinology & Diabetes, Nutritional and Preventive Medicine. She is an expert in bioidentical hormones and their use in wellbeing, antiaging and cosmeceuticals. She has a special interest in obesity and obesity-related disease such as insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. She is an international speaker and a member of IFM and AAFARM. Her scientific research is on Reproductive Endocrinology.

Abstract:

All dietary carbohydrates get converted into glucose after digestion. Carbohydrate digestion and absorption is a multistage process involving enzymes and transporter proteins. High Glycemic Index (GI) carbohydrates break down fast during digestion and release glucose rapidly into the bloodstream; low GI carbohydrates breaks down more slowly and release glucose more gradually. High intake of carbohydrates especially those with high GI together with environmental factors contribute to obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. A new product (Tribitor®) was developed during animal and human studies. During OGTT animal studies performed in rats, different plant extracts were tested for their hypoglycemic effects and after performed comparisons, the plant extracts with the highest hypoglycemic capacities were included into combinations tested for best synergistic hypoglycemic effect. The combination of three extracts with the greatest ability to lower postprandial glycaemia was chosen for further testing in humans. Two randomized, double- blind, placebo controlled studies were performed to GCP standards to verify the hypoglycemic effects of Tribitor®. The effects of this preparation on blood glycaemia were monitored after consumption of different meals. Statistically significant reductions of glucose and insulin peak levels were observed, particularly during the first phase of the test. Reactive hypoglycemia events were observed significantly less frequently when Tribitor® was given before meals. It was also found in a follow-up study, that Tribitor® had the ability to lower the Glycemic Index of white bread.

Biography:

Maria J Esteve is an expert in food analysis. She has studied the effect of non-conventional conservation treatments (electrotechnologies, high pressures and ultrasounds) on physicochemical characteristics, nutrients and bioactive compounds of foods of vegetal origin. In her last project she studies the valorization of residues of the food industry with the extraction by non-conventional techniques of bioactive compounds (phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, carotenes) and colored compounds. She also studies the possible interactions between the compounds as well as their bio accessibility and the effect that different technologies can have. The effect on the health of the consumer is important but also the interest to reduce the environmental impact has increased, reason why it is looked forsustainable processes.

Abstract:

Childhood obesity is one of the main public health concerns. In 2016, the WHO publishes a report that includes a set of recommendations to combat childhood obesity, but also calls on governments of member countries to promote policies to reduce the numbers of overweight and obesity. The school canteens play a fundamental role in the field of infant feeding due to its high number of users, which reached its peak in Spain in 2010-2011, with 1,675,681 users, corresponding to 40.8% of the total Students enrolled in primary and secondary education (Oficina de Estadística del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte, 2014). The objective of the present work is to determine the quantity and quality of the fat of the menus served in school canteens. The study is carried out in the four schools (A1, A2, C and D), with a population of 1877 students and 582 regular diners. The management of the school dining service is carried out by 3 different catering companies. Of the four schools, two have autonomous kitchen (A1 and A2) and the other two refer catering service. The menus are collected in one week in each of the schools and the fat is determined using the modified method of Rose Gottlieb and the lipid profile by gas chromatography. The results are compared with those obtained using composition tables.

The fat content is 5.4±3.0, 5.1±2.1, 3.4±0.5 and 4.3±0.7 g / 100 g of the menu in school A1, A2, B and C, respectively. The fatty acid profile is shown in Table1. The results obtained show the importance of not only controlling the amount of fat added during the preparation of the dishes, but also the type of fat used (lipid profile).

Biography:

Christine Brombach is working as Lecturer at the Institute of Food and Beverage Innovation at Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland since 2009. She received a degree in Home Economics and Nutrition from the University of Giessen, Germany and a Master of Science in Nutrition with a major in Gerontology from Manhattan, KS, USA. She did her PhD at the University of Giessen, Germany on the topic of “eating behaviour in the life course of women over the age of 65 years”. She was project coordinator of the Nutrition Survey II at the Max Rubner Institute, Karlsruhe in Germany before she moved to Switzerland.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Eating behavior is predominantly learnt in childhood during socialization, growing up in a cultural context. Family, parents, (great) grandparents play an integral important role. Development of meals, eating practices should be considered in the context of intergenerational influences. It was the aim of this qualitative study to investigate influences on eating behaviour in a German family living in South-West Germany. The family is unique, most of descendants of the “parents” (F1) (born end of 19^th century) still live in proximity. F2 are children, F3 grandchildren, F4 great grandchildren, F5 great great grandchildren. F1 parents had 15 children (two daughters still alive, 90, 86 years), there are 32 grandchildren, 50 great grandchildren and F5 (as today) more than 10 great great grandchildren.

Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: A written survey was conducted with as many family members as possible and where feasible in depth qualitative interviews were conducted. Thereby a hermeneutic interpretation cycle was used to develop themes and topics on meals and meal practices.

Findings: At present the study is still ongoing. Preliminary findings: The predominant role of women in meal preparation, use of family recipes, rituals can be traced into the F4 generation. It seems that the matrilineal dissemination of meal structures and meanings, family recipes, use of cherished cookbooks, rituals is stronger than in the patrilineal way.

Conclusion & Significance: This is a pilot and exploratory study so results may not be generalized and should be interpreted with caution. Nevertheless, some aspects and comparison with other studies are striking such as a previously conducted three generation approach in German sample, where also similarities can be traced within a three generational approach. So far very few studies have been conducted in a three generational approach let alone in multi-generational approach in one family. Findings might help to better understand onset of eating practices.

Biography:

N Arlappa has completed his MD in Community Medicine from the NTR University of Medical Sciences, Vijayawada, India. He has been working as Nutrition Scientist in the Division of Community Studies, National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad, India. He has 20 years of research experience in the field of Public Health Nutrition and has published more than 60 scientific papers in peer-reviewed national and international journals. He has published 4 book chapters and one book on vitamin A and has completed more than 40 research studies and published more than 250 technical reports out of them. He attended and presented more than 25 scientific papers in national and international conferences/workshops. He is the faculty of the courses of MPH (NIE), MSc (Nutrition) and PG Certificate course in Applied Nutrition, conducted at NIN. He is currently serving as Deputy Director (Scientist-E).

Abstract:

Introduction: Rapid nutrition transition is taking place worldwide, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. As a part of it, there was an increased demand for domestic production and import of oilseeds and vegetable oils from other counties. Consequently, there is a marked increase in consumption of edible oils in India populations; from 31.4 g/d/capita in 1993–1994 to 41.6 g/d/capita in 2011–2012. In India, vegetable oils used in cooking represent 80% of the visible fat and there has been a shift from traditional groundnut oil to other oils such as palmolein, mustard, sunflower oils and increased consumption of ghee.

Objective: The objective of this communication is to study the trends in consumption pattern of Fats and Oils among Indian population.

Materials & Methods: National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau (NNMB) has been carrying out large scale community based cross-sectional studies in rural, tribal and urban areas of different States of India, covering two-thirds of its geographical area. The latest surveys carried out by the NNMB and other organisation on diet and nutritional status of rural, tribal and urban areas was utilised for this communication. Use of different cooking oils and consumption patterns of visible and total fats obtained through 24-hour recall diet survey among the rural and tribal populations by age group, literacy status and occupation was analysed and presented.

Results: Majority of households in India were using mustard oil for cooking purpose followed by groundnut, palm oil, soybean oil, coconut and sunflower oil. In general, at household level, the intakes of visible fats are less than RDI (20 gr), and the deficit intake of total fat was >50% of RDA during three time points among tribal and rural population. Similarly, the intake of total fat was grossly deficit against the RDA (40 mg) across all the age groups and genders. Likewise, the mean household intakes of visible fats were below the RDIs among urban populations. However, the adequacy (≥70% of RDA) of consumption of fats was higher among the adults (≥18 years) as compared to adolescents and children.

Conclusions: In general, the dietary consumption visible fats as well as total fats were grossly deficit among tribal, rural and urban population of India.

Biography:

Medical doctor specialised in Public Health, PhD in biostatistics and Pharm D, Pr Francois-André Allaert is strongly involved in the field of medical evaluation and especially in the evaluation of health claim. He is managing a human clinical center specifically approved  by French health authorities for food supplement and enriched food evaluation. He is also managing the chair for health claim medical evaluation at the burgundy university of Dijon. He is authors of more than 1500 scientific oral communications and publications among which 210 are pubmed referred.

Abstract:

Study context:. Hypertensive patients have difficulties to reduce salt intake and one new strategy is not only to reduce the salt quantity but also its hypertensive toxicity.

Main objective:  The main objective was to compare the decrease of the high blood pressure (HBP) parameter with Symbiosal (NaCl + Chitosan 3%)  and  with NaCl during the diet and lifestyle improvement period before an eventual antihypertensive treatment

Study design: Double blind, randomized, cross over, controlled clinical trial of Symbiosal  (NaCl + Chitosan 3%) vs NaCl on two groups of 20 patients during two periods of 8 weeks. Inclusion criteria: Men and women older than 18 years presenting a mild hypertension defined by a SBP between 140-159 mmHg and a DBP between 90-99 mmHg g and  having never been treated with an antihypertensive drug.

Results: 40 patients were included and the effect of  Symbiosal appeared as soon as the first period of the cross over showing  a decrease of the SBP  from 149.2 ± 4.9mmHg  to 136.1 ± 9.5 mmHg in patients for which Symbosial was available (decrease of 13.1 ± 10.8 mmHg)  versus a decrease from 149.7 ± 4.6 mmHg  to 142.9 ± 7.7mmHg  in patients eating traditional NaCl (decrease of 6.8 ± 7.5mmHg)  (p=0.0404). Similar results were observed with DBP  with a decrease of  11.2 ± 7.4mmHg  vs 7.0 ± 8.0mmHg (p=0.0560). HBP  was controlled (SBP<= 140 and DBP<=90) in respectively 76.2% (16/21) vs 36.8% (7/19)% (p:0.0119). The cross over analysis on the two periods confirmed the results. The salt intake was relatively moderate in both groups: 2.9 ± 1 g/d vs  3.0 ± 1.5 g/d ( p: 0.9412 NS).Conclusion. Switching traditional NaCl by Symbiosal significantly contributes to  a better control of hypertension in association to the lifestyle and diet recommendations and may delay the prescription of antihypertensive drugs.

Biography:

Nikhil Kumar Kotla, MBBS, has graduated from Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Telangana, India in February (2017). He is passionate about research which enhances human wellbeing. He also has clinical experience in the United States of America. He has published one research article in an international journal. He is interested in pursuing his career in the field of Diagnostic Medicine and Clinical Research.

Abstract:

Background: The Chenchus are primitive tribe; a designated Scheduled Tribe in India. They inhabit in the Nallamala forest hilly areas spread in both Andhra Pradesh and Telangana States. They are an aboriginal tribe whose traditional way of life has been based on hunting and gathering. They are a Proto-Australoid tribe and depend on forest produce for their livelihood and both men and women participate in hunting. Similarly, they had distinct socio-culture habits, food habits and food taboos. Appropriate infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices are pre-requisite for optimal growth and development of the children and inappropriate feeding practices are significantly associated with children under 5 mortality.

Objective: To study the IYCF practices and nutritional status of under 5 year children of Chenchu primitive tribe.

Materials & Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among 422 Chenchu children less than 5 years of age. Information on socio-demographic particulars and IYCF practices was collected. Weight and height of the children were measured. Appropriate descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS version 19.0. The association between the IYCF practices and nutritional status of children was assessed using chi-square test. The p-value of <0.05 is considered as statistically significant.

Results: About 67% of the mothers initiated breast feeding to their new-born within one hour of the delivery and a majority (92%) of mothers fed colostrum to the infants. The proportion of mothers fed exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months was 50.2% and about 58% of mothers initiated complementary food to their infant by completion of 6 months. In general, the prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting among under 5 year children was 42.1%, 56.1% and 16.7%, respectively and no significant difference was found between genders. Though statistically not significant, the prevalence of under nutrition was relatively lower among children exclusively breast fed for the first six months of age (p>0.05). While, a significantly lower prevalence of stunting (p<0.001) and wasting (p<0.05) was reported among those children initiated with complementary feeding at appropriate time i.e. immediately after completion of first six months of age.

Conclusions: In general, the IYCF practices are poor among the mothers of Chenchu primitive tribe, where only about half of the mothers exclusively breast fed their infants and initiated complementary food at an appropriate time. These inappropriate IYCF practices were reflected in poor nutritional status of under 5 year children. Therefore, health and nutrition education (HNE) should be imparted to the mothers through the IEC activities and behavioural change communication (BCC) to adopt the appropriate IYCF practices.

Biography:

Zhen-Yu CHEN is professor and Head of Graduate Division, School of Life Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong. Chen’s research focuses on bioactivity of nutraceuticals, functional foods, fatty acids and cholesterol. Chen is the fellow of American Chemical Society-Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, and Royal Society of Chemistry. Chen received his Ph.D degree in 1989 from University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Chen has published more than 230 original scientific papers. Chen is currently associate editor of Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. He is member of editorial boards including Journal of Functional Foods, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, and Food & Function. Chen has received several awards including the Advancement of Application of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Award by American Chemical Society, High Education Outstanding Scientific Research Output Award by Ministry of Education of China, and Research Excellence Award by The Chinese University of Hong Kong.

Abstract:

Cholesterol is always an important issue because plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) correlate strongly with the risk of coronary heart disease. Cholesterol homeostasis is maintained by a complex mechanism which involves the sterol absorption, anabolism, catabolism and excretion. Nutraceuticals and functional foods which lower plasma TC can affect the genes which regulate cholesterol homeostasis. In general, cholesterol-lowering functional foods and nutraceuticals can be classified into seven types namely intestinal Niemann-Pick C1 like 1 (NPC1L1) competitors, intestinal acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) inhibitors, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, LDL receptor up-regulators, bile acid reabsorption inhibitors, cholesterol-7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activators, and plasma cholesteryl ester transporting protein (CETP) inhibitors. This presentation will summarize our research, discuss recent research progress in the field, and explore the underlying mechanisms of these popular cholesterol-lowering nutraceuticals and functional foods.

Biography:

Dr Theodora Mantzourani BSc, MD, MRCGP, MSc, DipNutMed is a GP Specialist in Endocrinology & Diabetes, Nutritional and Preventive Medicine. She is an expert in bioidentical hormones and their use in wellbeing, antiaging and cosmeceuticals. She has a special interest in obesity and obesity-related disease such as insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. She is an international speaker and a member of IFM and AAFARM. Scientific research: Reproductive Endocrinology. Her clinic is in London.

Abstract:

All dietary carbohydrates are converted into glucose after digestion. Carbohydrate digestion and absorption is a multistage process involving enzymes and transporter proteins. High Glycemic index (GI) carbohydrates are broken down fast during digestion and release glucose rapidly into the bloodstream; low GI carbohydrates are broken down more slowly and release glucose more gradually. High intake of carbohydrates especially those with high GI together with environmental factors contributes to obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes.

A new product (Tribitor®) was developed during animal and human studies. During OGTT animal studies performed in rats, different plant extracts were tested for their hypoglycemic effects and after performed comparisons, the plant extracts with the highest hypoglycemic capacities were included into combinations tested for best synergistic hypoglycemic effect. The combination of three extracts with the greatest ability to lower postprandial glycaemia was chosen for further testing in humans. Two randomized, double- blind, placebo controlled studies were performed to GCP standards to verify the hypoglycemic effects of Tribitor®. The effects of this preparation on blood glycaemia were monitored after consumption of different meals. Statistically significant reductions of glucose and insulin peak levels were observed, particularly during the first phase of the test. Reactive hypoglycemia events were observed significantly less frequently when Tribitor® was given before meals. It was also found in a follow-up study, that Tribitor® had the ability to lower the Glycemic Index of white bread.

In summary, Tribitor® is an innovative, patent-pending carbohydrate-blocking technology containing an optimum complex of three standardized plant extracts. Its clinically proven three-phase action reduces glucose and insulin peaks which, in turn, helps reduce the risk of obesity, insulin resistance and reactive hypoglycemia.

Biography:

Vasant Hirani is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney. She is a qualified Dietitian, Nutritional Epidemiologist and Public Health Nutritionist, with a PhD in Nutritional Epidemiology. Her primary research interests are focused on the area of ageing research including vitamin D epidemiology and the impact of vitamin D status on healthy ageing. Other research interests are in the field of population health and nutrition, including obesity, chronic disease, anthropometry such as demi-span, and mental health.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Low vitamin D status and sarcopenia are important public health issues among older people due to their adverse impact on morbidity and mortality. A better understanding of the influence of vitamin D metabolites on muscle mass and strength is important clinically. The aims are explore the associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) levels at baseline and incidence of sarcopenia over time in older Australian community-dwelling older men. Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: Men aged ≥70 years (2005-07) from the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project were assessed at baseline (n=1705), two (n=1366) and five years (n=954). The main outcome measurement was the incidence of sarcopenia defined as appendicular lean mass adjusted for body mass index <0.789 and grip strength <26.0 kg. Serum 25D and 1,25D levels were measured at baseline by radioimmunoassay (Diasorin, Stillwater, MN, USA) and categorised into quartiles as predictor variables. Covariates included age, income, season of blood collection, physical activity, vitamin D supplement and medication use, measures of health, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Findings: The incidence of sarcopenia was 9.2 % in the men at the 2-year follow-up and 14.1% at the 5-year follow-up. Vitamin D levels in the lowest quartiles (25D<40nmol/l; 1,25D<62 pmol/l) were independently associated with the incidence of sarcopenia over 5 years after adjustment for potential confounders and covariates of clinical significance (25D: OR 2.52 (95% CI 1.13, 5.62) p=0.02; 1,25D: OR 2.70 (95%CI 1.29, 5.67) p=0.01). Conclusion & Significance: Low serum 1,25D and 25D concentrations at baseline are independently associated with the incidence of sarcopenia over the subsequent five years. Although our data do not prove any causal relationship, it is conceivable that maintaining vitamin D sufficiency may reduce the incidence of sarcopenia in ageing men. 

Biography:

The research field of Dr. So-Young Park is natural product chemistry and development of functional food. She holds several patents regarding natural substances having potentials as anti-Alzheimer’s agents. She has worked on to discover natural products which inhibit beta-amyloid production or aggregation, and neuroinflammation. In addition, she expended her research interest to search natural products beneficial for osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.

Abstract:

The advancement of medicine has increased life expectancy, but people are more interested in extending healthy life instead of living unhealthy long life. Ageing increases the incidence of geriatric diseases including cardiovascular diseases, dementia, cataract and osteoarthritis. Among the diseases, bone-related disorders including fracture and osteoporosis affect adversely in the quality of life for old people. Therefore, it is necessary to develop natural substances promoting bone-health without side effects which could be used as food itself or functional food. In this study, we selected 13 natural resources, extracted them with 70% ethanol and boiling water (26 extracts), and tested them for the promoting effects on pre-osteoblastic cell (MC3T3-E1) differentiation using Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) assay. As the results, 4 extracts from grapes, ginseng, cranberry and roasted peanuts significantly increased the differentiation of pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in APL assay. Particularly, roasted peanuts exhibited the best activity on the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The roasted peanut extract was partitioned based on solvent polarity to n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and water fractions, and these fractions were also applied to ALP assay. Ethyl acetate fraction the most efficiently induced the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Then, in order to figure out whether the one of the active compounds included in roasted peanuts is resveratrol, the presence of resveratrol in roasted peanuts were determined by TLC and HPLC. The results revealed that the active compounds in roasted peanuts were not resveratrol. Taken together, roasted peanuts might be beneficial for bone-health by promoting osteoblastic differentiation. Thus, the identification of active compounds other than resveratrol is under investigation. Furthermore, beneficial effects of roasted peanuts on osteoporosis is also under investigation with ovariectomized in vivo animal model.

Biography:

Dr Kalpana  Bhaskaran  is the Domain  Lead, Applied  Nutrition  and Head, Glycemic Index Research Unit at Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore. She championed the design, planning and implementation  of Singapore’s and the region’s first accredited Glycemic Index Research Unit (GIRU). She is a qualified Nutritionist/Dietitian  w ith more than 20 years of experience in nutrition research, lecturing, project management  and consultancy  services.  She was aw arded the inaugural “Teaching Excellence Aw ard” f or outstanding lecturing, and pedagogy  in 2009 and National Day President’s  aw ard for Education in 2014. She regularly acts as a nutrition consultant to local and overseas food companies. She is currently  the collaborator  f or the study on “Investigation of prevalence, burden and risk f ac tors of obesity in schizophrenics”. She is also the Principal Investigator f or f our ongoing clinical trials in the area of Applied Nutrition. Sh e is the Spokesperson f or the Singapore Nutrition & Dietetics Association and the Vice-President of the Diabetes Society of Singapore.

Abstract:

atement of the Problem: As the rate of obesity increases in Singapore, f rom 6.9% in 2004 to 10.8% in the recent National Health Survey,  the message and ef f orts f or obesity prevention needs to be targeted at the younger generation. From Singapore’s National Nutrition Survey  2010, skipping  breakf ast and having meals aw ay f rom home w ere identif ied as potential risk f actors f or higher BMI observed in the population. The health status of children and adolescents are normally associated to their  dietary  practices  and lif estyle habits. Hence, this study   is  the first  in Singapore  w hich  aims  to  look  at  breakf ast consumption  habits, supplement intake  and  physical  activity  habits among children and adolescents  aged 6 to 17 years old in Singapore. Methodology   &  Theoretical  Orientation:   The  study  w as conducted among  500  Singapore  residents  aged  betw een  6  to  17 years  old. Multistage  sampling  method  based on  ethnicity,  age  category  and gender w as used. Subjects betw een 6 to 12 years old w ere categorised as “children” and 13 to 17 years old w ere considered “adolescents”.

A   survey  questionnaire  w as  designed  to  capture  inf ormation  on demographic prof ile, socioeconomic data, breakf ast habits, supplement intake   and   physical activity   among  other   inf ormation.   Findings: Adolescents  did not consume breakf ast as regular ly as compared to children.  Only 22% of 10 to 11 years aged schoolc hildren consumed breakf ast on a daily basis. This could be supported by the observation that  a  substantial  number  of  them consumed  breakf ast  on-to-go. Signif icantly  more  adolescents  reported  not  f eeling  any dif f erence despite not consuming breakf ast. Thirty-nine per cent (39.0%) of the children w ere supplement users and Vitamin C w as the most commonly consumed  supplement.   Based  on a weekly  average,  adolescents exercised  longer  (49 minutes) as compared to children (44 minutes). Conclusion   &  Signif icance:  Breakf ast  consumption  habit  w as  not associated  w ith  gender  or  ethnicity  in  this  study,  but  signif icantly associated w ith age group. Children consumed breakf ast more regularly than adolescents. There w as no signif icant association betw een BMI categories   w ith  breakf ast  consumption habits  among  adolescents. How ever, among the children,  more skippers  than regular breakf ast eaters  w ere “overw eight/severely overweight”.  The amount  of time children and adolescents spent on physical activity w as still below the recommendation    by   the   Health   Promotion   Board   of   Singapore.

Biography:

Saeed Samarghandian got Ph.D (NeuroPhysiology, Japan (Tokyo) 2002), and Post-doc (Molecular Medicine, Japan, Tokyo, 2005). He has his expertise in evaluation of Nutrition and diseases (Diabetes, aging and cancer). He  also focused on the involved mechanisms of diseases.  

Abstract:

Carnosol (CS) is an ortho-diphenolic diterpene in rosemary with great antioxidant potential. This study was designed to investigate the hypolipidemic, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic activities of CS. In our experiment, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, three CS (1, 5, 10 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. On the first day of the study, the diabetic groups were given streptozotocin (STZ) in a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection at a dose of 60 mg/kg for induction of diabetes. CS was injected (i.p.) to the treatment groups from 3 days after STZ administration during a period of 4 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, we assessed the serum levels of glucose, IL-6, TNF-α, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione–s transfrase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C). The results indicated that STZ caused an elevation of serum glucose, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C, and it also made a reduction of serum GST, SOD, CAT, and HDL-C (p<0.001). The findings showed amelioration in the serum glucose, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C, GST, SOD, CAT, and HDL-C in the CS-treated diabetic groups versus the untreated group, in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the present investigation proposes that CS may be improved diabetes and its complications by modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.

Biography:

Jin-Taek Hwang is a scientist in the field of functional food research. He received his Ph.D. in biochemistry and molecular biology from Kyung Hee University. He is currently working in the Korea Food Research Institute. Current efforts are focused on identifying the active compounds against metabolic syndrome. Dr. Hwang is also interested in the study of nutritional epigenetics.

Abstract:

In the present study, we evaluated the anti-obesity effect of Anacardic acid, a phenolic lipid found in cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms focused on the epigenetic enzymes. We sought to investigate the effect of Anacardic acid on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. Oil-red O staining revealed that Anacardic acid reduced MDI-stimulated lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells, in the absence of observable cytotoxicity. Western blot analysis showed that Fatty acid synthase (FAS) and Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARg) expressions were significantly increased by 7 days in MDI-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells, whereas treatment of Anacardic acid markedly decreased the MDI-stimulated FAS and PPARg expressions. In addition, total lysine acetylations were significantly enhanced in MDI-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells, and were decreased by Anacardic acid. Interestingly, histone H3K9 acetylation, an epigenetic modification marker was significantly increased by 7 days in MDI-stimulated 3T3-L1 cells, whereas treatment of Anacardic acid markedly decreased the MDI-stimulated Histone H3K9 acetylation. Taken together, these results suggest that Anacardic acid inhibits the MDI-stimulated adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1, and may involve the targeting of histone H3K 9 acetylation.

Biography:

Rana Mousa Al-Z'ubi has more than twelve years of experience as Registered Dietitian. She is working as a part of Diabetic Care Team and involved in providing dietary health recommendations and interventions as a specialist in dietetics. She worked extensively in translating the science of nutrition into everyday understandable information. She is committed to develop individualized healthcare plans that improve health, prevent disease, and enhance overall physical wellbeing for life.

Abstract:

To measure the abdominal subcutaneous fat (SF) and visceral fat (VF) volumes using high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to investigate their association with selected anthropometric and biochemical parameters among obese and non-obese apparently healthy participants. A cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting 167 healthy participants. Abdominal scans were acquired at 3T MRI, and the SF and VF were segmented and their volumes were calculated. Selected anthropometric and biochemical measurements were also determined. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between normal body weight and overweight and obese participants for SF and VF, total abdominal fat volumes, leptin, resistin, adiponectin and waist circumference. Waist circumferences were measured by tape and MRI. Findings revealed that MRI-measured fat volumes were different between males and females and had a significant (P < 0.01) strong positive correlation with body mass index, leptin, resistin and WC and had a negative correlation with adiponectin level. MRI-measured fat volumes were found to correlate moderately with interleukin-6 and weakly with cholesterol, serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein. Except for cholesterol, all measured biochemical variables and abdominal fat volumes in the current study were significantly associated with body mass index. All anthropometric and biochemical parameters showed weak-to-strong associations with the MRI-measured fat volumes. Abdominal fat distribution was different between males and females and their correlations with some lipid profiles were found to be sex dependent. These findings revealed that MRI can be used as an alternative tool for obesity assessment.

Biography:

Davoud Shojaeizadeh is full Professor of health education and health promotion. He is faculty member of school of public health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences. He is teaching  health education, health promotion , health communication and healthy  behavior psychology. He has published more than 30 books and more than 50 articles.

Abstract:

Background: Nutrition and medical care prevents the incidence and increase of complications in patients with diabetes. There are controversial believes about the effect of education on the knowledge, attitude and practice of patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of education on knowledge, attitude and nutritional behavior of type m2 diabetic patients.

Methods: In an interventional study, 80 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected from the Tehran clinic, Iran and allocated randomly in two intervention and control groups. Data collection was conducted before and 3 months after the intervention using a questionnaire including two sections: demographic information and questions assessing the knowledge, attitude and nutritional behavior.  The intervention was nutritional care education during two group discussion-based session in 30 minutes and by a two week interval.

Results: After the educational program, knowledge increased significantly in both intervention and control groups which was probably due to the routine education program in that center. But significant increase in attitude and behavior was only observed in the intervention group.

Conclusion: Appropriate educational programs should be performed in type 2 diabetes clinics to promote attitude and behavior as well as knowledge of patients.   

Biography:

Ana Gabriella Pereira Alves is a nutritionist graduated from the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. Completed master’s degree in Health Sciences (Faculty of Medicine/Federal University of Goiás, Brazil) and is currently a PhD student in the same program. Concluded a postgraduate in Sports Nutrition and is a postgraduate student in Functional Clinical Nutrition. Co-author of two book chapters, related to Sports Nutrition, and is anthropometrist ISAK Level 1. Member of the Laboratory of Physiology, Nutrition and Health (Faculty of Physical Education and Dance/Federal University of Goiás, Brazil).

Abstract:

Statement of the problem: Obesity, especially abdominal, is one of the major public health problems in the world. In this regard, studies have observed protective effects of some nutrients on obesity, including calcium, due to its supposed action in the regulation of lipid metabolism in adipocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between calcium intake and abdominal obesity in Brazilian adults. Methodology: this cross- sectional study was developed in March 2016 with 31
subjects from Santo Antônio de Goiás, Central-West region of Brazil. The waist circumference (WC) was measured    with    anthropometric    inextensible    tape (Sanny®, São Paulo, Brazil) at the midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest. Women with WC ≥ 80cm and men with WC ≥ 94cm were classified with increased WC. To obtain average calcium intake, three 24-hour dietary recalls were collected on non-consecutive days, including one day of the weekend. Student’s t-test for independent samples was used to evaluate the difference in calcium intake between adults with adequate and increased WC. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the association between WC and calcium intake. P values <0.05 were considered significant. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. Findings: Of the 31 participants, 96.8% were female and the mean age was 41.39 (± 11,36) years. There was a higher calcium intake among subjects with adequate WC (p = 0.002) (Table 1). In addition, the lower is the calcium intake, higher is the chance of having increased WC (p= 0.022) (Table 2). Conclusion:   Considering   the   association   between calcium intake and waist circumference, the consumption of foods rich in this mineral needs to be encouraged, which may contribute to reduce public health problems like obesity and associated morbidities.