4th International Conference and Exhibition on Nutrition October 26-28, 2015 Chicago, Illinois, USA

Biography:

Firew Lemma Berjia has completed his PhD from the National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark. He has published 4 papers in reputed journals including his MSc thesis and he is now looking for a new scientific challenge.

Abstract:

In risk-benefit assessment of food and nutrients, several studies so far have focused on comparison of two scenarios to weigh the health effect against each other. One obvious next step is finding the optimum scenario that provides maximum net health gains. This paper aims to show a method for finding the optimum scenario that provides maximum net health gains; a multiple scenario simulation. The method is presented using vitamin D intake in Denmark as an example. In addition to the reference scenario, several alternative scenarios are simulated to detect the scenario that provides maximum net health gains. As a common health metric, Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) has been used to project the net health effect by using the QALIBRA (Quality of Life for Benefit Risk Assessment) software. The method used in the vitamin D example shows that it is feasible to find an optimum scenario that provides maximum net health gain in health risk-benefit assessment of dietary exposure as expressed by serum vitamin D level. With regard to the vitamin D assessment, a considerable health gain is observed due to the reduction of risk of other cause mortality, fall and hip fractures when changing from the reference to the optimum scenario. The method allowed us to find the optimum serum level in the vitamin D example. Additional case studies are needed to further validate the applicability of the approach to other nutrients or foods especially with regards to the uncertainty that is usually attending the data.

Biography:

Judith M Lukaszuk has completed her MS and PhD at the University of Pittsburgh. She is a registered and licensed Dietitian and Nutritionist. She works at Northern Illinois University as a Nutrition Professor and is the Didactic Program Director. She has published in the area of sports nutrition and integrative nutrition.

Abstract:

Excess adipose tissue may lead to sequestrating of vitamin D making it less available for use in the body. This study was conducted to determine if overweight individuals (BMI>25) have insufficient (<30 ng/mL) levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH D) and if so would serum levels respond to exogenous supplementation. Sixty-four overweight (BMI 31.11±5.01) women were randomly assigned in a double blind manner to receive either 5000 IU of vitamin D3 (D3) (n=31) or a maltodextrin placebo (PL) (n=33). Serum 25 (OH) D concentrations were measured by finger stick analyses at baseline and after an eight-week supplementation period. The results of this study show that on day one of the study both D3 and PL group had insufficient levels of vitamin D (mean±SD) 24.03±9.78 ng/mL and 22.48±9.69 ng/mL respectively. After eight weeks of supplementation the D3 group 25 (OH) D level rose to a mean of ⱡ 43.57±10.87ng/mL (ⱡ p<0.001) versus the PL group whose 25 (OH) D level remained statistically unchanged 24.30±8.96 ng/mL. Overweight women had insufficient vitamin D levels prior to supplementation. Following supplementation with 5000 IU of vitamin D3 all subjects’ 25 (OH) D levels rose to a sufficient level (≥30 ng/mL). This suggests that women who are overweight or obese may need a vitamin D dosage which slightly exceeds the Institute of Medicines recommendation of 4000 IU per day and that supplementation may improve serum levels.

Biography:

Joan Cook-Mills completed her PhD at Michigan State University and postdoctoral studies at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She was an Assistant Professor at the University of Cincinnati and then Associate Professor at Northwestern University. She is a now a Professor in the Allergy/Immunology Division at Northwestern University in Chicago. She has published more than 50 papers in scientific journals and has served on study sections for the National Institutes for Health and the American Heart Association. Her research on vitamin E was in a press release from Northwestern University and then presented in the New York Times and other Biography Joan Cook-Mills completed her PhD at Michigan State University and postdoctoral studies at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She was an Assistant Professor at the University of Cincinnati and then Associate Professor at Northwestern University. She is a now a Professor in the Allergy/Immunology Division at Northwestern University in Chicago. She has published more than 50 papers in scientific journals and has served on study sections for the National Institutes for Health and the American Heart Association. Her research on vitamin E was in a press release from Northwestern University and then presented in the New York Times and other magazines.

Abstract:

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease resulting from complex interactions of environmental and genetic factors. The World Health Organization reported that the prevalence of asthma has increased over only a few decades suggesting an important role of the local environment. One environmental change over the past 40 years has been an increase in the d-γ-tocopherol isoform of vitamin E in the diet and in infant formulas. Our studies focus on regulation of allergic inflammation by the two most abundant forms of vitamin E (d-α-tocopherol and d-γ-tocopherol) in the diet and tissues. We demonstrated that α-tocopherol inhibits and γ-tocopherol elevates leukocyte recruitment across endothelium in vitro and endothelial cell protein kinase Cα activation for eosinophil and dendritic cell recruitment during allergic inflammation. Specifically, γ-tocopherol is an agonist and α-tocopherol is an antagonist of PKC . In vivo, α-tocopherol supplementation blocks eosinophilic allergic lung responses in adult mice and that α-tocopherol associates with better lung spirometry in adult humans. Notably, γ-tocopherol has the opposite function. In humans, a 5-fold higher plasma γ-tocopherol level associates with lower lung spirometry in adults by age 21, suggesting tocopherol isoforms have a regulatory role early in life. In clinical studies and animal models, offspring of allergic mothers have increased responsiveness to allergen challenge. We demonstrated that development of allergic responses in offspring is inhibited or elevated by maternal supplementation with α-tocopherol or γ- tocopherol, respectively. These results have implications for supplementation of allergic mothers with tocopherol isoforms and for development of allergies in future generations. Grant Support: NIH R01HL111624.

Biography:

Dr. Agens received his MD degree in 1986 from Rutgers Medical School, completed an internal medicine residency at Cooper Hospital University Medical Center, Camden, NJ in 1989. He is board certified in Internal Medicine and Geriatrics through the American Board of Internal Medicine. Prior to coming to Florida State University College of Medicine as Associate Professor in Geriatrics in 2008, Dr. Agens started and operated a solo internal medicine practice in his hometown of Blackwood, N.J 1989-1993. After moving to Eau Claire, Wisconsin, he served for 10 years as a geriatrician at Midelfort Clinic-Mayo Health System., 1991-2003. Throughout his career, Dr. Agens has taught and mentored medical students and residents as a clinical preceptor. In 2003, Dr. Agens moved to Tallahassee, Florida. He spent over five years as director of the Center for Chronic Care at Capital Health Plan, which delivered intensive primary care to some of its most complex patients and improved their functional and clinical outcomes. It was during this time he noted most of those patients were vitamin D deficient. He became acutely interested helping patients function better addressing their nutritional status as one component. During that time he served as Clinical Assistant Professor and as community faculty for multiple clinical rotations at Florida State University College of Medicine. Since 2008, Dr. Agens served as the Geriatrics Clerkship Director for fourth year medical students at the Tallahassee Regional Campus and since 2011 sees older patients in the Florida Medical Practice Plan. Still interested in vitamin D , he published with Gail Galasko, Ph. D. “Awareness of vitamin D deficiency states and recommended supplementation doses: Survey of faculty and staff at a medical school” in “e-SPEN Journal” suggesting an overall low awareness of the relationship between low vitamin D status and poor physical function/ falls.

Abstract:

Background: On November 30, 2010, new Dietary Reference Intake recommendations for vitamin D were published by the Institute of Medicine. The Recommended Daily Allowance was revised upward to 800 IU/day for adults 71 and older. At that time we reported in e-SPEN low self-reported vitamin D levels as prevalent in our survey sample of physician (MD) medical school faculty living in an area of the USA with plentiful sunshine. MD’s who had their own vitamin D level checked were 4.5 times more likely to recommend greater than or equal to 800 IU/day for their patients as compared to those who reported not having had their own levels checked. Awareness of conditions associated with vitamin D deficiency other than osteoporosis, rickets and osteomalacia was relatively low. One specific example is falls in older persons where vitamin D is recommended as part of a multi factorial fall-risk assessment and prevention strategy, the CDC STEADI protocol. Our fourth year medical students taking a required geriatrics clerkship perform functional assessment and a comprehensive medication review (including non-prescription medications) under the supervision of our faculty and write separate reports on each. After graduation consenting students have the opportunity to have their written reports studied in research approved by the IRB of Florida State University.
Research Question: We hypothesized that the proportion of patients noted as receiving 800 IU/day or more of supplemental vitamin D as noted in students’ written assignments would be low (less than 50%) where patients are functionally impaired and at risk for falls given overall low awareness in faculty of falls being a risk associated with vitamin D deficiency.
Subjects & Methods: Twenty two consenting students had their comprehensive medication review assignments reviewed representing 20 percent of all students taking the required geriatrics course at 6 regional campuses over one academic year. Each assignment represented one patient ages ranging from 55-97, mean age was 81 years. Prescription and non-prescription medications were reviewed and verified as required in the assignment.
Results: Four patients (18%) were on vitamin D: Calcitriol 0.25 mg daily, vitamin D 50,000 International IU once weekly (a known vitamin D deficient patient), vitamin D 200 IU once daily and vitamin D 800 IU daily. In one case a student recommended that the patient not on a vitamin D supplement recommended vitamin D 800 IU daily to prevent falls.
Conclusion: In this cohort of 4th year medical students and their geriatric patients at high risk for falls, use of vitamin D was low and recommendation for use to prevent falls was low.

Biography:

Francois Blachier got his PhD in 1988 from the University Pierre and Marie Curie in Paris, France. He is research director at the National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA) since 2000. He published over 100 papers which have been cited over 2300 times (Web of Science). He is academic editor for PLOS ONE and field editor of Amino Acids.

Abstract:

The protein consumption in countries like USA and France is largely above the recommended dietary intake, and can represent more than 4 times this value in slimming hyperproteic (HP) diet. This results in increased transfer of undigested protein from the small to the large intestine. We have shown in the rat model that HP diet ingestion results in marked changes of the luminal environment of the colonic epithelial cells with modifications of the microbiota composition and its metabolic capacity. HP animals had increased colonic water content and amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites like ammonia, branched-chain fatty acids, ethanol, organic acids, hydrogen sulfide etc. Several of those latter (ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and p-cresol) are inhibitor of colonocyte respiration when present in excess. In addition, p-cresol acts as a genotoxic compound on colonocytes. Our recent results show that HP diet consumption modifies the morphology of colonocytes and the distribution of mucous cells in the colonic crypts. Lastly, by using a transcriptomic approach, we noticed that the HP diet modifies in colonocytes the expression of genes related to several cellular functions including apoptosis, cellular architecture, adhesion, immunity and DNA-damage-related events. Our as part of an European research project consortium, has undertaken a study on the effects of 3 weeks-HP diet ingestion in overweight volunteers.

Biography:

Piwen Wang received his MD degree in 2000 and MS degree in 2003 from Shandong Medical University, China. He has completed his PhD degree in 2008 from Texas Tech University, and postdoctoral studies at the UCLA Center for Human Nutrition. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cancer Research and Training at Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science. He has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as a peer reviewer for a number of scientific journals.

Abstract:

The chemopreventive activity of green tea (GT) in prostate cancer has been well demonstrated in preclinical cell culture and animal models. However, results from human studies are inconsistent. The low bioavailability and extensive metabolism of GT polyphenols (GTPs) in vivo limit the anti-cancer activity of GT. We found in human prostate tissues and in mouse xenograft prostate tumor tissues that around 50% of GTPs were in methylated form after GT consumption, and the methylation decreased the anti-cancer activity of GTPs. We were able to demonstrate that the combination of a natural methylation inhibitor quercetin (Q) with GT increased the cellular concentrations of GTPs 4-10 fold in prostate cancer LNCaP and PC-3 cells and decreased the methylation of GTPs. The combination treatment enhanced the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in both cell lines. Then we performed an animal study to confirm the combined effect of GT and Q in vivo. Severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice were implanted with androgen-sensitive LAPC-4 prostate cancer cells, and treated with GT, Q, GT+Q or control. After 6-weeks intervention the tumor growth was inhibited by 16% (Q), 21% (GT), and 45% (GT+Q) compared to control. The tissue concentrations of non-methylated GTPs were significantly increased in the combination group. The combination enhanced the inhibition of protein expression of androgen receptor, prostate-specific antigen, and vascular endothelial growth factor. This study provides a novel regimen by combining GT and Q to enhance the chemoprevention of prostate cancer in a non-toxic manner.

Biography:

Amanda Swart is an associate professor of Biochemistry at the University of Stellenbosch where she obtained her PhD degree in 1999. As academic she teaches undergraduate and postgraduate courses in the department of Biochemistry and is the co-leader of the P450 Steroid Research group studying steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism in the adrenal and prostate gland. In her group she also investigates the bioactivity of natural plant products. She has published more than 40 papers in ISI journals and serves as an editorial board member of Scientific Reports. She is a director of Sissyphus Scientific Solutions, consulting with industry.

Abstract:

Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), also known as Redbush, is a South African herbal tea rich in polyphenols. Consumption is reported to modulate the immune system, enhance well-being, and to aid anxiety and stress. Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis resulting in elevated glucocorticoid plasma levels. Glucocorticoids, cortisol and corticosterone, are responsible for maintaining homeostasis of the central nervous system, metabolism and immune function. Long-term exposure to elevated cortisol is associated with symptoms linked to metabolic diseases — metabolic syndrome, diabetes, insulin resistance, depression, and impairment of the immune system, amongst others, many of which result from a hormonal imbalance. We investigated the influence of Rooibos on steroid hormone production in forskolin- stimulated H295R cells, mimicking the stress response in a human adrenal cell model. An in vivo study conducted in male Wistar rats subjected to acute immobilization stress determined the effect of Rooibos on circulating steroid levels. The inhibitory effect of Rooibos on glucocorticoid biosynthesis and on the inactivation of cortisol, as well as on cytokine production was determined. Data showed that Rooibos inhibited glucocorticoid production while also favoring inactivation of glucocorticoids, lowering glucocorticoid plasma levels. Rooibos increased the secretion of IL10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, while inhibiting IL6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in rat adrenal tissue. In H295R cells Rooibos modulated basal and forskolin-stimuated steroid production in the presence of these cytokines. These data suggest that Rooibos may serve as a functional food acting as a protective agent in clinical conditions associated with metabolic diseases.

Biography:

Ozlem TokuÅŸoÄŸlu is an Associate Professor and completed her PhD from Ege University in the Department of Food Engineering, Izmir, Turkey. She professionally worked at the Ege University Department of Chemistry and Food Engineering. She is currently also working as Associate Professor, faculty member in Department of Food Engineering of Celal Bayar University. Her study focuses on nutrition, food quality control, food chemistry, food safety, toxicology, shelf-life of foods and innovative food processing technologies and functional products. Her specific study areas are phenolics, phyto-chemicals, bioactive anti-oxidatives and anti-carcinogens components and food toxicants. She has conducted academic research studies, keynote addresses and academic presentations at many countries and meetings. She has published more than 150 studies in journals and conferences and is a Book Editor of CRC Press Taylor and Francis and has three scientific books. She has been serving as an Editorial Board Member and Associate Editor, section editor of scientific journals. She administrated many international conferences in USA and Europe. She has also been working at OMICS Food Technology Conferences as Organizing Committee Member and is also Chair of the OMICS Food Technology conference series.

Abstract:

The epidemiological researches and also cohort studies have put forwarded that diet rich in fruits and vegetables have preventive effects on prostate cancer (P-Ca) for over the past decades. Phenolic compounds, ubiquitous in fruits, vegetables and plants, are of considerable interest and have received great attention in recently owing to their bioactive functions. Poly-phenols are amongst the most desirable phyto-chemicals due to their antioxidant activity and those components are known as secondary plant metabolites and possess also antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogen properties along with their high antioxidant capacity. Plant phenolics, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids lignans and stilbenoids, modulate several important biological processes in mammalian cells and show anti-carcinogenic properties in preclinical. Prostate cancer (P-Ca) is one of the most common cancers in men. The incidence of clinical prostate cancer varies widely between ethnic populations and countries in all over the world. Bladder cancer is any of several types of cancer arising from the epithelial lining (i.e., the urothelium) of the urinary bladder. Rarely the bladder is involved by non-epithelial cancers, such as lymphoma or sarcoma but these are not ordinarily included in the colloquial term "bladder cancer. Colorectal cancer (colon cancer or bowel cancer) is the development of cancer in the colon or in the parts of the large intestine (rectum).A diet high in red /processed meat while low in fiber increases the risk of colorectal cancer. The studies regarding phyto-chemical compounds on P-Ca and bladder tumor models are limited. In vivo inhibition of growth of human prostate tumor lines (DU145)by flavonoid fractions from cranberry extract, anti-proliferative effects oleuropein and hydroxyl tryrosol in olive fruit on prostate cell lines (PC-3, DU145) anti-cancer properties of phenolic extracts from different parts of selected Medicinal Plants Indigenous to Malaysia (Casearia capitellata, Baccaurea motleyana, Phyllanthus pulcher and Strobilanthus crispus) on prostate cancer cell lines (DU-145), apoptotic effects of cooked and in vitro digested soy isoflavons (aglycon type daidzein, genistein, glisitein, glycoside type genistin, daidzin, glisitin and acetyl glycoside type) on human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP ve C4-2B) [7], anti-oxidative and anti-proliferative activity on human prostate cancer cells lines (DU145 ve LNCaP) of the phenolic flavonoids (gallotannins and ellagitannins) from Corylopsis coreana uyeki, the apoptosis effects of extracts from Poland Epilobium sp.herbs (Epilobium angustifolium L., E. parviflorum Schreb., E. hirsutum L.) on human hormone-dependent LNCaPprostate cancer cells by activating the mitochondrial pathway, the radical scavenging capacities of rutin, narirutin, poncirin, apigenin 8-C-rutinoside and 3’,5’,di-C-β-glucopyranosyl phloretin of citrus Fortunella margarita from USA and their inhibition of human prostate (LNCaP)cell proliferation and cytotoxic activities. The effects of ursolic acid and its ester phenolics from USA cranberries and Vaccinium fruits on matrix metalloproteinase activity in DU145 prostate tumor cells and colon cancer tumor cells (Caco-2) may be given as limited examples. The further clinical studies are needed regarding food and plant bio-active phenolic compounds on prostate, bladder and colon cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Biography:

Mr. Selekane Ananias Motadi is a junior lecturer of Nutrition at the University of Venda. He received his junior degree BSc in Nutrition at the University of Venda. In 2010, He registered for Master Degree in Public Nutrition at the same university. He is a registered Nutritionist with Health Professional Council of South Africa. He was offered tenure in the Department of Nutrition. In addition to teaching, Mr. Motadi is a regular contributor to the micronutrient malnutrition particularly zinc and a Mamelodi sundowns United fan. He has registered for postgraduate diploma in health professional education at the University of Cape Town which he envisages completing in 2015. He has collaborated on manuscripts with Prof XG Mbhenyane, Dr. RL Mamabolo, Ms. HV Mbhatsani and Mr. NS Mabapa entitled “Prevalence of zinc deficiency among children aged 3-5 years in Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa”. He currently resides in Limpopo Province, South Africa with his brother.

Abstract:

Background. Children under five years constitute the most vulnerable group and their nutritional status is a sensitive indicator of community health and nutrition. Diet of many South Africans consists of porridge as staple food which is usually consumed with vegetables, legumes and a small amount of animal derived food. These animal derived food sources are not consumed extensively due to their high cost, limited supply and religious or cultural practices. Objective. To determine the prevalence of zinc and iron deficiency among preschool children aged 3-5 years in Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa. Methods. This study was carried out on 400 preschool children in Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa. Municipalities were purposively selected and subjects were chosen by simple random sampling methods. Anthropometric measurements were made following standard techniques. Serum zinc, iron, ferritin, T saturation, transferrin and CRP levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometery. Results. Of the 400 children, 349 were included in this study. The prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight was 1.4%, 18.6% and 0.3% respectively while 20.9% of the children were overweight and 9.7% were obese. The prevalence of zinc deficiency was 42.6% and anemia was 28%, both were significantly higher in females as compared to males. When using both serum ferritin and Tsaturation levels as markers of iron deficiency 7(2%) children were found to have IDA. Combined iron and zinc deficiencies using ferritin as a marker of iron deficiency was found in 8(2.3%) of the children while when using Tsaturation as a marker of iron 42(12%) of the children had combined iron and zinc deficiencies. Conclusion. Zinc deficiency and anemia are common in preschool children of Vhembe district, Limpopo province. Iron and zinc deficiency in children is associated with poor growth development, alteration in neurological function, immunological response and behaviour changes.

Biography:

Firew Lemma Berjia has completed his PhD at the age of 27 years from the National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark. He has published 4 papers in reputed journals including his MSc thesis and he is now looking for a new a new scientific challenge. This abstract is also published in reputed scientific journals.

Abstract:

In risk-benefit assessment of food and nutrients, several studies so far have focused on comparison of two scenarios to weigh the health effect against each other. One obvious next step is finding the optimum scenario that provides maximum net health gains. Aim: This paper aims to show a method for finding the optimum scenario that provides maximum net health gains. A multiple scenario simulation. The method is presented using vitamin D intake in Denmark as an example. In addition to the reference scenario, several alternative scenarios are simulated to detect the scenario that provides maximum net health gains. As a common health metric, Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALY) has been used to project the net health effect by using the QALIBRA (Quality of Life for Benefit Risk Assessment) software. The method used in the vitamin D example shows that it is feasible to find an optimum scenario that provides maximum net health gain in health risk-benefit assessment of dietary exposure as expressed by serum vitamin D level. With regard to the vitamin D assessment, a considerable health gain is observed due to the reduction of risk of other cause mortality, fall and hip fractures when changing from the reference to the optimum scenario. The method allowed us to find the optimum serum level in the vitamin D example. Additional case studies are needed to further validate the applicability of the approach to other nutrients or foods, especially with regards to the uncertainty that is usually attending the data.

Biography:

Dr. Stoner completed his PhD at the University of Michigan in 1970, conducted post-doctoral studies at the University of California-San Diego and, in 1992, joined the Department of Preventive Medicine at Ohio State University as Lucius Wing Chair in Cancer Etiology and Prevention. He has Chaired the NIH Chemo/Dietary Prevention and the ACS Nutrition and Environment Study Sections. He is Professor of Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin and is conducting additional clinical trials of berries for the prevention of esophagus and colon cancer. He has more than 300 peer-reviewed publications. 55 book chapters and has edited 4 books.

Abstract:

We examined the ability of freeze-dried berries to prevent G.I. tract cancers in animals and humans. Most studies used black raspberries (BRBs), due to their high antioxidant potential and high content of anthocyanins and fiber. In rodent studies, the consumption of BRB powder, at 2.5, 5 and 10% of a synthetic diet, resulted in a 40-70% inhibition of carcinogen-induced cancer in the rat esophagus and colon, and the spontaneous development of intestinal tumors in mice. Mechanistically, BRBs inhibit proliferation, inflammation and angiogenesis and stimulate apoptosis and differentiation, and protectively modulate genes in multiple signaling pathways. The most active inhibitory constituents in BRBs are the anthocyanins. A Phase I trial showed that BRBs are well tolerated in humans at oral doses that elicit chemopreventive effects in rodents. The oral administration of BRB powder (45g/day) to 20 Barrett’s esophagus patients for 6 months led to reductions in oxidative stress, but minimal effects on the lesion. Oral administration of strawberry powder (60g/day) to 37 Chinese patients with esophageal dysplasia led to histologic regression of ~80% of mildly dysplastic lesions and reduced levels of iNOS, COX-2, and phospho-NF-κB-p65 proteins. Treatment of 20 colorectal cancer patients with BRB powder for an average of 3 weeks led to reduced cell proliferation and demethylation of suppressor genes in the Wnt signaling pathway. Treatment of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis with rectal BRB suppositories caused a 36% regression of rectal polyps. These trials indicate that berries have significant promise for chemoprevention of esophageal and colon cancer in humans.

Biography:

Shirin Anil is a doctor who has specialized in Epidemiology & Biostatistics. She has won Gold medals for best research study and has been awarded Endeavour Executive Fellowship in Nutrition Epidemiology by the Australian Government. She is conducting research in collaboration with researchers in Australia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. She has more than 40 papers and is in process of writing and editing an academic book on Nutrition and NCDs.

Abstract:

The DASH diet provides strong evidence for an optimal dietary pattern (DP) for blood pressure (BP) control; however investigation at the level of key foods in a DP is sparse. This study aimed to assess the relationship between DP driven by key foods with BP in a sample of obese Australian adults. Secondary analysis was conducted on baseline data of 118 participants recruited to a 12 month RCT that studied the effect of fish and long chain omega-3 fatty acids on weight reduction. Dietary assessment was by a validated diet history interview. The average of three office BP measurements was taken. Factor analysis extracted DPs and their relation to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was analysed using multiple linear regression. Eight DPs were identified: meat & alcohol, seafood, fats, fruits & nuts, legumes, confectionery, sweet foods, and yeast spread & salt. A decrease in SBP was associated with adherence to the fruit & nuts pattern (β = -4.1 (95% CI -7.5 to -0.7) mm Hg) and with seafood for DBP (β= -2.4 (-4.6 to -0.3) mm Hg). SBP and DBP increased with yeast spread & salt (β= 4.3 (1.4 – 7.3); 2.5 (0.9 – 4.0) mm Hg, respectively). In obese adults attending for weight loss, DPs that included larger amounts of fruits & nuts and/or seafood were associated with lower BP at baseline, while patterns that were characterised by yeast spread & salt were associated with higher BP.

Biography:

Dr. Guillaume B. Fond is an Associate Professor of Psychiatry at University at Paris-Est, is serving as psychiatrist at Créteil Schizophrenia Expert Center (Pr Leboyer) and researcher at the Inserm U955, DHU Pe-Psy, Créteil, France. He coordinates the French Schizophrenia Expert Centers Network. He graduated from Montpellier University with the degree of MD, and PhD along with Paris-Est University, Créteil, France. Dr. Fond is a member of various societies including FondaMental Foundation. He has authored more than 50 peer reviewed journal articles, has the credit of more than 15 presentations and is serving as an editorial board member of the Nature Publishing group journal “Scientific Reports”.

Abstract:

The gut microbiota is increasingly considered as a symbiotic partner in the maintenance of good health. Metagenomic approaches could help to discover how the complex gut microbial ecosystem participates in the control of the host\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s brain development and function, and could be relevant for future therapeutic developments, such as probiotics, prebiotics and nutritional approaches for psychiatric disorders. The aim of the present lecture is to synthetize the current data on the association between microbiota dysbiosis and onset and/or maintenance of major psychiatric disorders, and to explore potential therapeutic opportunities targeting microbiota dysbiosis in psychiatric patients.

Biography:

Associate Professer Burne completed his PhD at the University of New England and postdoctoral studies from The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK. He is currently a principal research fellow at the Queensland Brain Institute. He has published more than 90 papers, received continuous NHMRC Project grant support since 2007 as an independent researcher, and is an editorial board member of PLOS One.

Abstract:

Developmental Vitamin D (DVD) deficiency in rats is associated with alterations in brain development and behaviour, with features of relevance to schizophrenia. Although the DVD model does not replicate every aspect of schizophrenia, it has several prominant features; the exposure is based on clues from epidemiology, it reproduces the increase in size of the lateral ventricles and it reproduces well-regarded behavioural phenotypes associated with schizophrenia (e.g. hyperlocomotion). While hallucinations and delusions (positive symptoms) feature prominently in diagnostic criteria, impairments of cognitive symptoms, including attentional processing and behavioural inhibition are core features of schizophrenia. Our aim was to investigate aspects of response inhibition and impulsivity in control and DVD-deficient rats. DVD-deficient rats demonstrated mildly enhanced impulsivity and response inhibition as measured using the 5 choice continuous performance task and the differential reinforcement task. There were no significant effects of maternal diet on delay-dependent memory, or on choice of small or large rewards using delay discounting. However, DVD-deficient rats had a significant delay in response latency in performance on both tasks, which suggests they had altered levels of motivation to perform the task. This was confirmed with DVD-deficient rats having a reduced break point using a progressive ratio task. We have previously shown that the dopamine system is altered in DVD deficient rats and, given the role of dopamine in motivation and reward, this may underly the deficits seen within the model. The DVD-deficient rat model is characterised by a phenotype reminiscent of both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, and these results suggest that DVD-deficient rats also have specific impairments in motivation.

Biography:

Renata Cristina Gobato is a registered dietitian who has achieved her master degree at the age of 27 years from Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). She also has postgraduate degree in Sports Nutrition from Universidade de São Paulo (USP), and postgraduate degree in Nutrition in Digestive System from UNICAMP. Nowadays she is developing her doctorate study at UNICAMP and attending postgraduation in Functional Nutrition. She also acts as a teacher and nutrition course coordinator at a private university in Brazil.

Abstract:

Bariatric surgery is considered an effective method for sustained weight loss, but may cause various nutritional complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of minerals and vitamins, food consumption, and to monitor physiologic parameters in patients with obesity before and 6 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB). Thirty-six patients who had undergone RYGB were prospectively evaluated before and 6 months after surgery. At each phase their weight, height, body mass index (BMI), Electro Sensor Complex (ES Complex) data, food consumption, and total protein serum levels, albumin, pre- albumin, parathyroid hormone, zinc, B12 vitamin, iron, ferritin, copper, ionic calcium, magnesium, and folic acid were assessed. The mean weight loss from baseline to 6 months after surgery was 35.34±4.82%. Markers of autonomic nervous system balance, stiffness index, standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN), and insulin resistance were also improved. With regard to the micronutrients measured, 34 patients demonstrated some kind of deficiency. There was a high percentage of zinc deficiency in both pre- (55.55%) and postoperative (61.11%) patients, and 33.33% of the patients were deficient in prealbumin post-operatively. The protein intake after 6 months of surgery was below the recommended intake (<70 g/d) for 88.88% of the patients. Conclusion: Despite improvements in the autonomic nervous system balance, stiffness index markers and insulin resistance, we found a high prevalence of hypozincemia at 6 months post- RYGB. Furthermore, supplements protein were needed to maintain an adequate protein intake up to 6 months postsurgery.

Biography:

Hlekani Vanessa Mbhatsani is a Lecturer of Nutrition at the University of Venda and a registered Nutritionist with the Health Professional Council of South Africa. She has received both her undergraduate BSc and MSc in Public Nutrition at the University of Venda. As a Post-graduate student she was given an opportunity to perform Research and Teaching Assistant functions. This provoked the teaching and research interest that led her to applying for the lecturing position after completion of her MSc. To enhance her teaching responsibilities, she persuaded a Post graduate Diploma in Higher Education at Rhodes University. She is currently studying towards her PhD with Stellenbosch University. Her research areas of interest include micronutrients, role of indigenous foods in health and nutrition, child nutrition and food security. She is a co-author of chapter six in a book titled “Community Nutrition for South Africa; A Right Based Approach”. She has presented her work both in national and international conferences and only published a few articles in peer reviewed journals

Abstract:

Background: Children under five years constitute the most vulnerable group and their nutritional status is a sensitive indicator of community health and nutrition. Diet of many South Africans consists of porridge as staple food which is usually consumed with vegetables, legumes and a small amount of animal derived food. These animal derived food sources are not consumed extensively due to their high cost, limited supply and religious or cultural practices. Objective: To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency among preschool children aged 3-5 years in Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa. Methods: This study was carried out on 400 preschool children in Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa. Municipalities were purposively selected and subjects were chosen by simple random sampling methods. Anthropometric measurements were made following standard techniques. Serum zinc, iron, ferritin, T saturation, transferrin and CRP levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometery. Results: Only 349 children out of the total population were included in this study. The prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight was 1.4%, 18.6% and 0.3% respectively while 20.9% of the children were overweight and 9.7% were obese. The prevalence of zinc deficiency was 42.6% and anemia was 28% both were significantly higher in females as compared to males. When using both serum ferritin and T saturation levels as markers of iron deficiency 7 (2%) children were found to have IDA. Combined iron and zinc deficiencies using ferritin as a marker of iron deficiency was found in 8 (2.3%) of the children while when using T saturation as a marker of iron 42 (12%) of the children had combined iron and zinc deficiencies. Conclusion: Zinc deficiency and anemia are common in preschool children of Vhembe district, Limpopo province. Iron and zinc deficiency in children is associated with poor growth development, alteration in neurological function, immunological response and behavior changes.

Biography:

Abstract:

Introduction: Worms grubs and insects’ larvae are traditionally important foods and tasty treats for many cultures and individuals around the world. They are gaining popularity for their high protein and low-fat values. Their potential is seriously being considered in food security and poverty alleviation strategies in many communities around the world. The nutritional and economic potentials of these abundant creatures are yet to be fully realized and tapped especially in the face of climate change. Varies coleoptera is one of the grub worms found in animal dung. The study was aimed at evaluating the nutrient composition of V. coleoptera and to unveil its potential as a strategy to mitigate food insecurity. Methods: Live grub worms were hand-picked from animal dung dumps in the months of April-June. They were washed, gut squeezed out, boiled in saltwater for three minutes, set out to dry and rusted in an oven at 50oC for ten minutes. The processed sample was analyzed for its proximate nutrient content and mineral element profile using standard procedures. Results & Discussion: Proximate composition showed that processed ready-to-eat V. coleoptera contains 49.16% crude protein, 26.34% crude fat, 18.2% Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE), 5.0% crude fibre, 5.48% ash and caloric value of 4096 cal/g. Mineral elements range between 0.06%-22.9%. These included sodium, sulfur, iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper. Amino acid profile showed that nineteen of the commonly occurring amino acids except tryptophan were present. The nutrient composition of V. coleoptera is comparable to those of conventional animal source foods such as beef and fish. Conclusion: It is concluded that processing and consumption of grub worms could add to nutrient intake and variety to staple foods of indigenous communities. When properly harnessed and large scale production and commercialization are explored, it can be a good source of livelihood for families especially in poor resource settings.

Biography:

Iyawe Hanson O T has completed his PhD from Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma in Edo State Nigeria. He is a Senior Lecturer at the same University with over a decade of teaching and research experience. He is also the incumbent National General Secretary of the Nutrition Society of Nigeria. He has published more than 20 papers in learned journals and has served as an Editorial Board Member of the faculty journal.

Abstract:

The leaf of Ocimum gratissimum is acclaimed to have medicinal value with scarce information on the role it may play in controlling oxidative stress. The interest on the leaf derives from the need to have an insight as to the possible effect it may have on oxidative stress. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of graded extracts of Ocimum gratissimum leaves on some oxidative stress indicators. The leave samples were collected and air dried, homogenized and sieved to obtain particle sizes of ≤0.250mm. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of samples were obtained and used to assay for total alkaloid and phenolic contents, free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and the extent of lipid peroxidation in liver and kidneys were determined. Standard methods were used in all assays. Phenolic contents in Ocimum gratissimum were detected as 1.59 ± 0.13 and 0.15 ± 007 (mg GAE/g) in aqueous and methanol respectively. Alkaloid levels were 0.24 ± 0.02 and 0.96 ± 0.04 (μg/g) in aqueous and methanol respectively. Reducing power of the leaves increased progressively with increasing extract concentrations (mg/mL) in both water and methanol in comparison with respective BHT (2.49) and ascorbic acid (2.16) controls. Ability to scavenge free radicals increased with increasing extract concentrations with highest percentages in aqueous extracts(95.90%) compared to control (100%). Leave extracts were observed to significantly (p<0.05) increased lipid peroxidations in liver and kidneys of experimental models. The leaf of Ocimum gratissimum is thus assessed to be valuable in free radical quenching.

Biography:

Ignatius A Onimawo is a Nutritionist holding a PhD in Human Nutrition. He has interest in public health nutrition in areas of anemia among school age children, obesity and weight control and policy issues. He has been Editor-in-Chief of Nigerian Journal of Nutritional Sciences and he has several publications in different aspects of nutritional sciences and he is also a Professor of Nutrition.

Abstract:

Objective: To access the energy expenditure and body composition of female agric students in Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Nigeria. Subjects & Methods: A total of seventy-five (75) subjects aged, 19-30 were randomly selected for this study and they are all females of Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma Edo State. They all volunteered by filling the consent forms. Body composition was determined using anthropometric methods. Body weight, height, waist and arm circumferences were measured using standard methods. Body Mass Indices (BMI) of the subjects was calculated from weight and height measurements. Skinfold thickness was measured at biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac and abdomen using skinfold caliper. The energy expenditure was assessed based on three days energy expenditure diary using factorial method. Results: The results showed that the mean energy expenditure for the female students was 2315.0 ± 419.25 kcal. The mean height values were 163.45 ± 4.82 for the female and weight value were 55.60 ± 7.70 for female. The other anthropometric parameters determined include lean body mass, total body water and total skinfold thickness and BMI. The high energy expenditure was attributed to high energy level spent in farm activities which were manual and labor intensive. Conclusion: The results showed that young female agriculture students spent considerable energy in their practical work on the farms. A great majority of the female students had normal BMI.

Biography:

Patrick Kamphuis is Director Research Elderly Care and Disease at Nutricia Research Centre for Specialized Nutrition in Utrecht, The Netherlands. He is member of the Medical Nutrition R&D board. Patrick Kamphuis studied Animal Sciences at the Wageningen University in Wageningen. He specialised in Neurosciences and Physiology and graduated in 1997. In 2001 he obtained his PhD degree at the Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Utrecht. He joined Danone Research as Scientist and became responsible for various research projects. His major interest is applying science in innovative nutritional concepts, in particular to develop new products for people with neurological and psychiatric disorders. From 2004 onwards he was responsible for the scientific as well as the clinical neuroscience projects, amongst others the Alzheimer’s project. In this position he has contributed to the development of specialized nutritional products for use in several disease areas. In 2008, Patrick Kamphuis was appointed Director Neurology Research at Danone Research. Since 2010 he is combining his responsibilities for the neuroscience team with the management of muscle & metabolism team focusing on disease targeted nutrition R&D programs in different disease areas such as sarcopenia, HIV, oncology and COPD.

Abstract:

Synaptic loss has been recognized as the strongest structural correlate with memory impairment in AD and is apparent already early in the disease process. Synapses largely consist of neuronal membranes which are mainly composed of phospholipids. Phospholipid synthesis depends on the availability of the rate limiting nutritional precursors and cofactors. Basic science studies indicate that their increased intake enhances synaptogenesis. Animal studies from various labs showed increased cognitive performance and improved neuro-imaging markers following dietary enrichment with these compounds. However, lower plasma levels of these nutrients are widely observed in AD, e.g. lower levels of uridine and docosahexaenoic acid is found in early AD patients compared with controls. Based on these insights, the specific nutrient combination Fortasyn®1Connect was designed to enhance synapse formation and function in AD. Fortasyn Connect is present in Souvenaid®1, a medical food intended for use in early AD. The efficacy and mode of action of Souvenaid is investigated in the clinical trial program, including: 1) 12-week proof-of-concept Souvenir I RCT in drugnaïve mild AD patients; 2) 24-week S-Connect RCT in mild-to-moderate AD patients using AD medication; 3) 24-week Souvenir II RCT2 in drug-naïve mild AD patients; 4) 24-week Souvenir II open-label-extension study; 5) 24-month LipiDiDiet RCT3 in prodromal AD; 6) Mode of action studies: a) electroencephalography (EEG) and magneto-encephalography outcomes in Souvenir II; b) biomarkers in LipiDiDiet (MRI atrophy rates and CSF measures); c) magnetic resonance spectroscopy; d) FDG-PET. The Souvenir I and II studies showed that Souvenaid improved the primary outcome memory performance. The Souvenir II OLE study showed continued improvement of the exploratory memory outcome throughout 48 weeks. The S-Connect study did not show an effect on cognition in mild to moderate AD patients using AD medication. All completed studies showed that Souvenaid is well-tolerated, with a high compliance (≥93%). EEG measures were included in Souvenir II to study neuronal activity and thus indirectly synaptic activity. Significant EEG differences suggest that Souvenaid preserves functional connectivity and brain network organization in mild AD, supporting the hypothesis of changed synaptic activity. These results suggest that Souvenaid is most efficacious in early AD and warrant long-term trials in the very early AD process, like the ongoing LipiDiDiet study. Main and recent findings will be presented.

Biography:

Daniel S Peiffer is a researcher working at medical college of Wisconsin. His main research interests are nutrition and cancer research

Abstract:

Freeze-dried black raspberries (BRB), their component anthocyanins (ACs), and a metabolite of BRB ACs, protocatechuic acid (PCA), inhibit the development of esophagus cancer in rats induced by the carcinogen, N-nitrosomethyl benzyl amine (NMBA). All three components reduce inflammation in the esophagus and in plasma. The present study determined the relation of changes in inflammatory markers to infiltration of innate immune cells into NMBA-treated esophagus. Rats were injected with NMBA (0.35 mg/kg) for five weeks while on control diet. Following NMBA treatment, rats were fed diets containing 6.1% BRB powder, an AC-rich fraction of BRBs (3.8 µmoles/g diet), or 500 ppm PCA. At weeks 15, 25 and 35, inflammatory biomarker expression in the plasma and esophagus was quantified and infiltration of immune cells in the esophagus was examined. At all three time points, BRB, AC, and PCA similarly affected cytokine production in the esophagus and plasma of NMBA-treated rats, relative to the NMBA-only control. These included decreased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β, and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10. Moreover, all three diets also increased the expression of IL12, a cytokine that activates both cytolytic NK and CD8+ T cells. Additionally, the three diets also decreased infiltration of both macrophages and neutrophils into the esophagus. Overall, our results suggest that another mechanism by which BRBs, ACs, and PCA inhibit NMBA-induced esophageal tumorigenesis is by altering cytokine expression and innate immune cell–trafficking into tumor tissues.

Biography:

Dr El Habachi is a Professor in the Department of Physiology and the Academic Director of the Alexandria Clinical Research Centre in the Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt. She is a multilingual Professor with a track record of establishing multinational partnerships, and teaches in both English and French. She has been pivotal in establishing the University Clinical Research Centre. Part of her pre-doctoral training was conducted in the Heart Science Centre, Imperial College, UK. In May 2006 she studied clinical research and GCP, University of Maryland USA. She has a broad research experience in national and international projects.

Abstract:

As oophorectomised groxidative stress is proposed to be responsible for many of the menopause associated disorders, antioxidants may play an important role in this situation. In this study, forty albino female rats were divided into 4 groups: normal control group, oophorectomised group, oophorectomised group treated with 17- estradiol and oup treated with antioxidants(Vitamin C and low dose Vitamin A).The following were measured: total antioxidant (TAO) and malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid profile, serum insulin, glucose and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), urinary hydroxyproline, weight gain and visceral fat. A positive correlation was found between MDA and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), HOMA-IR and BALP and urinary hydroxyproline level . Those results denoted that oxidative stress might be a cause of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and osteoporosis associated with menopause. Both E2 and vitamins in oophorectomised rats led to a significant decrease in MDA , weight gain, visceral fat , cholesterol , LDL cholesterol , and significant increase in HDL and TAO levels compared to oophorectomised rats. Also, both treatments led to a significant decrease of HOMA-IR, BALP and urinary hydroxylproline .An interesting finding was detected where oophorectomised rats showed a decrease in triglyceride level which was significantly increased by E2 administration whereas antioxidant administration produced no change . Our results denote the beneficial effects of antioxidant administration in surgically induced menopause in rats regarding oxidative stress, weight gain, atherogenic lipid profile , insulin sensitivity and bone turnover similar to that of E2.

Biography:

Dr. Charlene Schmidt, PhD, RDN has been practicing in the clinical field of geriatric nutrition for 25 years and teaching in higher education for the past 14 years at the University of WI-Stevens Point and Stout. She is currently a faculty member of University of Tennessee Chattanooga. Diedri White has been a registered dietitian/nutritionist (RDN) for 34 years with clinical practice experience. She holds MS in both Clinical Nutrition and Nutrition Education. Dissertation defense is scheduled, May 2015, for DrPH (Health Education) from Loma Linda University. She is the Dietetics Program Director at University of Tennessee Chattanooga.

Abstract:

Dietetic students enrolled in Medical Nutrition Therapy courses during the senior year of the didactic program from Spring 2013 through Spring 2015 participated in various interprofessional activities along with undergraduate students from varied healthcare professions. A Health Resources and Service Administration Grant provided opportunities for students to increase understanding and direct experience in interprofessional collaboration. Activities included 1) completion of a video-based learning module, 2) participation in older/geriatric-focused health fairs conducted at several housing facilities, 3) observation of “one on one” counseling with client’s in their homes and in local clinics, and 4) completion of reflections about their interprofessional experiences. At the community health fairs, 36 dietetic students also worked collaboratively with graduate students from various health related disciplines. Dietetic students observed registered dietitian/nutritionists (RDN’s) providing nutrition information to residents with multiple chronic conditions such as heart failure, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Topics of discussion and nutrition education materials focused on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, fluid intake for congestive heart failure, food label reading, low sodium lifestyles/diets and bone mineral health. At the health fairs, dietetic students assisted RDN’s in presenting nutrition information to the participants by using food models, handouts, sample food labels and measuring bone mineral density with the Sahara™ Bone Sonometer. Dietetic students visited homes and clinic sites to observe the RDN performing nutrition counseling with clients. Qualitative results of the student’s’ reflections about experiences in these interprofessional activities and working collaboratively with students from other health care disciplines will be presented.

Biography:

Patrick Kamphuis is Director Research Elderly Care and Disease at Nutricia Research – Centre for Specialized Nutrition in Utrecht, The Netherlands. He is member of the Medical Nutrition R&D board. Patrick Kamphuis studied Animal Sciences at the Wageningen University in Wageningen. He specialised in Neurosciences and Physiology and graduated in 1997. In 2001 he obtained his PhD degree at the Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Utrecht. He joined Danone Research as Scientist and became responsible for various research projects. His major interest is applying science in innovative nutritional concepts, in particular to develop new products for people with neurological and psychiatric disorders. From 2004 onwards he was responsible for the scientific as well as the clinical neuroscience projects, amongst others the Alzheimer’s project. In this position he has contributed to the development of specialized nutritional products for use in several disease areas.

Abstract:

Synaptic loss has been recognized as the strongest structural correlate with memory impairment in AD and is apparent already early in the disease process. Synapses largely consist of neuronal membranes which are mainly composed of phospholipids. Phospholipid synthesis depends on the availability of the rate limiting nutritional precursors and cofactors. Basic science studies indicate that their increased intake enhances synaptogenesis. Animal studies from various labs showed increased cognitive performance and improved neuroimaging markers following dietary enrichment with these compounds.However, lower plasma levels of these nutrients are widely observed in AD, e.g. lower levels of uridine and docosahexaenoic acid are found in early AD patients compared with controls. Based on these insights, the specific nutrient combination Fortasyn®1 Connect was designed to enhance synapse formation and function in AD. Fortasyn Connect is present in Souvenaid®1, a medical food intended for use in early AD. The efficacy and mode of action of Souvenaid is investigated in the clinical trial program, including: 1) 12-week proof-of-concept Souvenir I RCT in drug-naïve mild AD patients; 2) 24-week S-Connect RCT in mild-to-moderate AD patients using AD medication; 3) 24-week Souvenir II RCT2 in drug-naïve mild AD patients; 4) 24-week Souvenir II open-label-extension study; 5) 24-month LipiDiDiet RCT3 in prodromal AD; 6) Mode of action studies: a) electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography outcomes in Souvenir II; b) biomarkers in LipiDiDiet (MRI atrophy rates and CSF measures); c) magnetic resonance spectroscopy; d) FDG-PET. The Souvenir I and II studies showed that Souvenaid improved the primary outcome memory performance. The Souvenir II OLE study showed continued improvement of the exploratory memory outcome throughout 48 weeks. The S-Connect study did not show an effect on cognition in mild to moderate AD patients using AD medication. All completed studies showed that Souvenaid is well-tolerated, with a high compliance (≥93%). EEG measures were included in Souvenir II to study neuronal activity and thus indirectly synaptic activity. Significant EEG differences suggest that Souvenaid preserves functional connectivity and brain network organization in mild AD, supporting the hypothesis of changed synaptic activity. These results suggest that Souvenaid is most efficacious in early AD and warrant long-term trials in the very early AD process, like the ongoing LipiDiDiet study. Main and recent findings will be presented.

Biography:

I am Professor Ignatius Onimawo. I obtained my PhD in Human Nutrition from University of Ibadan. I am a consultant on Public health nutrition. Formerly Dean of College of Food Processing and Storage Technology and Foundation Head of Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike. Formerly the Editor-in-Chief of the Nigerian Journal of Nutritional Sciences and formerly the Director of Academic Planning and Head of Biochemistry, Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Nigeria. Currently I have more than 100 papers published in reputed national and international journals. I am the current the Secretary General of the Federation of African Nutrition Societies. I have authored two and co-authored four books. I am also a Consultant/Resource Person to GAIN (Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition), UNICEF, FAO, Federal Ministry of Health, Federal Ministry of Education and EU/ETI (European Union/ETI Consult-France) on nutrition matters in Nigeria.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To access the energy expenditure and body composition of female agric students in Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of seventy-five (75) subjects aged, 19-30 were randomly selected for this study, they are all females of Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma Edo State. They all volunteered by filling the consent forms. Body composition was determined using anthropometric methods. Body weight, height, waist and arm circumferences were measured using standard methods. Body mass indices (BMI) of the subjects were calculated from weight and height measurements. Skinfold thickness was measured at biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac and abdomen using skinfold calipers. The energy expenditure was assessed based on three (3) days energy expenditure diary using factorial method. RESULTS: The results showed that the mean energy expenditure for the female students was 2315.0 ± 419.25 kcal. The mean height values were 163.45 ± 4.82 for the female and weight value were 55.60 ± 7.70 for female The other anthropometric parameters determined include lean body mass, total body water and total skinfold thickness and BMI. The high energy expenditure was attributed to high energy level spent in farm activities which were manual and labour intensive CONCLUSION: The results showed that young female Agriculture students spent considerable energy in their practical work on the farms. A great majority of the female students had normal BMI.

Biography:

Mahopo Tjale Cloupas completed his Master of public nutrition from the University of Venda and currently studying for his Post graduate diploma in Health Education with the University of Cape Town. He is a lecturer at the University of Venda, Department of Nutrition. He has published three papers and a co-investigator in the Malnutrition and enteric diseases study, a multi country study. He is a registered Nutritionist with the Health Professions council of South Africa.

Abstract:

Inappropriate feeding practices damage the gut mucosa of the small intestine in infants. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of feeding practices on gut function in infants at Dzimauli. A prospective birth cohort study was done in Dzimauli community in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Recruited children were 133. Data on feeding practices was collected twice weekly using the 24 hour recall. Infant mothers were informants. Lactulose: mannitol (L:M) data was collected at 3, 6 and 9 months. Almost all mothers (92.5%) breastfed their infants. However, there were no children who were exclusively breastfed for six months. On average, exclusive breastfeeding occurred for only 21 days. Mother’s age had negative correlation on the introduction of weaning food. Water and infant formula were the first “early foods” introduced. Solids and tea were also indicated as weaning foods. There were no children who had optimal feeding. Gut function results indicated poor intestinal permeability affecting 67.6 %, 55.3% and 43.5% of infants at 3, 6 and 9 months respectively. Gut function was conversely proportionate with age of infants. No significant relationship was observed between duration of exclusive breastfeeding and gut function. Type of “early food” introduced at 3 month determined the intestinal permeability and could do so for subsequent months. Poor trends of infant feeding still prevail in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Type of food and the age at which food was introduced impacted on gut function. Further investigation on mother’s non-compliance with recommended feeding practices calls for attention.

Biography:

Dr. Iyawe Hanson has completed his PhD at the age of 42 years from Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma in Edo State Nigeria. He is a Senior Lecturer at the same University, with over a decade of teaching and research experience. He is also the incumbent National General Secretary of the Nutrition Society of Nigeria. He has published more than 20 papers in learned journals and has served as an editorial board member of the faculty journal. He is happily married with children.

Abstract:

The leaf of Ocimum gratissimum is acclaimed to have medicinal value, with scarce information on the role it may play in controlling oxidative stress. The interest on the leaf derives from the need to have an insight as to the possible effect it may have on oxidative stress. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of graded extracts of Ocimum gratissimum leaves on some oxidative stress indicators. The leave samples were collected and air dried, homogenized and sieved to obtain particle sizes of ≤ 0.250mm. Aqueous and methanolic extracts of samples were obtained and used to assay for total alkaloid and phenolic contents, free radical scavenging activity, reducing power and the extent of lipid peroxidation in liver and kidneys were determined. Standard methods were used in all assays. Phenolic contents in Ocimum gratissimum were detected as 1.59 ± 0.13 and 0.15 ± 007 (mgGAE/g) in aqueous and methanol respectively. Alkaloid levels were 0.24 ± 0.02 and 0.96 ± 0.04 (µg/g) in aqueous and methanol respectively. Reducing power of the leaves increased progressively with increasing extract concentrations (mg/mL) in both water and methanol in comparison with respective BHT (2.49) and ascorbic acid (2.16) controls. Ability to scavenge free radicals increased with increasing extract concentrations with highest percentages in aqueous extracts (95.90%) compared to control (100%). Leave extracts were observed to significantly (p<0.05) increased lipid peroxidations in liver and kidneys of experimental models. The leaf of ocimum gratissimum is thus assessed to be valuable in free radical quenching.

Biography:

Abstract:

Introduction: Worms grubs and insects’ larvae are traditionally important foods and tasty treats for many cultures and individuals around the world. They are gaining popularity for their high protein and low-fat values. Their potential is seriously being considered in food security and poverty alleviation strategies in many communities around the world. The nutritional and economic potentials of these abundant creatures are yet to be fully realized and tapped especially in the face of climate change. Varies coleoptera is one of the grub worms found in animal dung. The study was aimed at evaluating the nutrient composition of V. coleoptera and to unveil its potential as a strategy to mitigate food insecurity. Methods: Live grub worms were hand-picked from animal dung dumps in the months of April-June. They were washed, gut squeezed out, boiled in saltwater for three minutes, set out to dry and rusted in an oven at 50o C for ten minutes. The processed sample was analyzed for its proximate nutrient content and mineral element profile using standard procedures. Results & Discussion: Proximate composition showed that processed ready-to-eat V. coleoptera contains 49.16% crude protein, 26.34% crude fat, 18.2% Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE), 5.0% crude fibre, 5.48% ash and caloric value of 4096 cal/g. Mineral elements range between 0.06%-22.9%. These included sodium, sulfur, iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper. Amino acid profile showed that nineteen of the commonly occurring amino acids except tryptophan were present. The nutrient composition of V. coleoptera is comparable to those of conventional animal source foods such as beef and fish. Conclusion: It is concluded that processing and consumption of grub worms could add to nutrient intake and variety to staple foods of indigenous communities. When properly harnessed and large scale production and commercialization are explored, it can be a good source of livelihood for families especially in poor resource settings.

Biography:

Ms Hlekani Vanessa Mbhatsani is a lecturer of Nutrition at the University of Venda and a registered nutritionist with the Health Professional Council of South Africa. She received both her undergraduate BSc and MSc in Public nutrition at the University of Venda. As a post-graduate student she was given an opportunity to perform research and teaching assistant functions. This provoked the teaching and research interest that led her to applying for the lecturing position after completion of her MSc. To enhance her teaching responsibilities, she persuaded a Post Graduate Diploma in Higher Education at Rhodes University. She is currently studying towards her PhD with Stellenbosch University. Ms. Mbhatsani’s research areas of interest include micronutrients, role of indigenous foods in health and nutrition,child nutrition and food security. She is a co-author of chapter six in a book titled’’ Community Nutrition for South Africa; A Right Based Approach”. She has presented her work both in national and international conferences and only published a few articles in peer reviewed journals. She currently resides in Limpopo Province with her family and can be contacted at vanessa.mbhatsani@univen.ac.za and or +27 72 74 6 6206.

Abstract:

Background: Children under five years constitute the most vulnerable group and their nutritional status is a sensitive indicator of community health and nutrition. Diet of many South Africans consists of porridge as staple food which is usually consumed with vegetables, legumes and a small amount of animal derived food. These animal derived food sources are not consumed extensively due to their high cost, limited supply and religious or cultural practices. Objective: To determine the prevalence of iron deficiency among preschool children aged 3-5 years in Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa. Methods. This study was carried out on 400 preschool children in Vhembe district, Limpopo province, South Africa. Municipalities were purposively selected and subjects were chosen by simple random sampling methods. Anthropometric measurements were made following standard techniques. Serum zinc, iron, ferritin, T saturation, transferrin and CRP levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometery. Results: Only 349 children out of the total population were included in this study. The prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight was 1.4%, 18.6% and 0.3% respectively while 20.9% of the children were overweight and 9.7% were obese. The prevalence of zinc deficiency was 42.6% and anemia was 28%, both were significantly higher in females as compared to males. When using both serum ferritin and Tsaturation levels as markers of iron deficiency 7(2%) children were found to have IDA. Combined iron and zinc deficiencies using ferritin as a marker of iron deficiency was found in 8(2.3%) of the children while when using Tsaturation as a marker of iron 42(12%) of the children had combined iron and zinc deficiencies. Conclusion: Zinc deficiency and anemia are common in preschool children of Vhembe district, Limpopo province. Iron and zinc deficiency in children is associated with poor growth development, alteration in neurological function, immunological response and behaviour changes

Biography:

Dr.Osama Ibrahim is a highly-experienced Principal Research Scientist with particular expertise in the field of microbiology, molecular biology, food safety, and bioprocessing for both pharmaceutical and food ingredients. He is knowledgeable in microbial screening /culture improvement; molecular biology and fermentation research for antibiotics, enzymes, therapeutic proteins, organic acids and food flavors; Biochemistry for metabolic pathways and enzymes kinetics, enzymes immobilization, bioconversion, and Analytical Biochemistry. Dr. Ibrahim was external research liaison for Kraft Foods with Universities for research projects related to molecular biology and microbial screening and holds three bioprocessing patents. In January 2005, he accepted an early retirement offer from Kraft Foods and in the same year he formed his own biotechnology company providing technical and marketing consultation for new startup biotechnology and food companies. Dr. Ibrahim received his B.S. in Biochemistry with honor and two M.S. degrees in Microbial physiology/ Fermentation and in Applied Microbiology. He received his Ph.D in Basic Medical Science (Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular biology) from New York Medical College. His research dissertation was on the construction of plasmid for the expression of a fusion protein of VEGF121/ Shiga-like toxin as a therapeutic protein for targeting angiogenesis (cancer treatment). Since 1979 he is a member of American Chemical Society, American Society of Microbiology, and Society of Industrial Microbiology.

Abstract:

High Intense-sweeteners (HIS) are commonly used as a sugar substitutes or sugar alternatives and provide sweet without calories. HIS are in high demands due to its multiple advantages including assisting people in losing weight or avoiding obesity and assisting diabetics to control their blood sugar level. The first known intense-sweetener is Saccharine that was discovered in the year 1878. Since then scientists discovered several other intensive sweeteners that are sweater than sucrose with zero calorie. Some discovered sweeteners are Plants extract (Stevoil glycosides, and Mogrosides), semi-synthetic peptides (Aspartame, and Neotame), and synthetic chemicals. (Saccharine, Sucralose, Acesulfame-K, and Cyclamate). These High intensive sweeteners have been approved as safe for applications [1] in foods, beverages, dietary supplements, and pharmaceuticals products by Food and Drug administration (FDA) [2] in United States and by other similar agencies in other countries [3]. The levels of these non-nutritive high intensive sweeteners used in foods, beverages, dietary supplements, and pharmaceutical products are based on the approved daily intake (ADI) by FDA and by other safety authorities worldwide. This ADI level is 100 fold lower than the safe dose demonstrated in laboratory studies. It is estimated that the global demand of HIS is exceeding 9.0 billion dollars and growing. The only HIS that is declining in global market is the old discovered sweetener Saccharine.

Biography:

Abstract:

Introduction: Worms grubs and insects’ larvae are traditionally important foods and tasty treats for many cultures and individuals around the world. They are gaining popularity for their high protein and low-fat values. Their potential is seriously being considered in food security and poverty alleviation strategies in many communities around the world. The nutritional and economic potentials of these abundant creatures are yet to be fully realized and tapped especially in the face of climate change. Varies coleoptera is one of the grub worms found in animal dung. The study was aimed at evaluating the nutrient composition of V. coleoptera and to unveil its potential as a strategy to mitigate food insecurity. Methods: Live grub worms were hand-picked from animal dung dumps in the months of April-June. They were washed, gut squeezed out, boiled in saltwater for three minutes, set out to dry and rusted in an oven at 50o C for ten minutes. The processed sample was analyzed for its proximate nutrient content and mineral element profile using standard procedures. Results & Discussion: Proximate composition showed that processed ready-to-eat V. coleoptera contains 49.16% crude protein, 26.34% crude fat, 18.2% Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE), 5.0% crude fibre, 5.48% ash and caloric value of 4096 cal/g. Mineral elements range between 0.06%-22.9%. These included sodium, sulfur, iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and copper. Amino acid profile showed that nineteen of the commonly occurring amino acids except tryptophan were present. The nutrient composition of V. coleoptera is comparable to those of conventional animal source foods such as beef and fish. Conclusion: It is concluded that processing and consumption of grub worms could add to nutrient intake and variety to staple foods of indigenous communities. When properly harnessed and large scale production and commercialization are explored, it can be a good source of livelihood for families especially in poor resource settings.

Biography:

Daniel S Peiffer is a researcher working at medical college of Wisconsin. His main research interests are nutrition and cancer research

Abstract:

Freeze-dried black raspberries (BRB), their component anthocyanins (ACs), and a metabolite of BRB ACs, protocatechuic acid (PCA), inhibit the development of esophagus cancer in rats induced by the carcinogen, N-nitrosomethyl benzyl amine (NMBA). All three components reduce inflammation in the esophagus and in plasma. The present study determined the relation of changes in inflammatory markers to infiltration of innate immune cells into NMBA-treated esophagus. Rats were injected with NMBA (0.35 mg/kg) for five weeks while on control diet. Following NMBA treatment, rats were fed diets containing 6.1% BRB powder, an AC-rich fraction of BRBs (3.8 µmoles/g diet), or 500 ppm PCA. At weeks 15, 25 and 35, inflammatory biomarker expression in the plasma and esophagus was quantified and infiltration of immune cells in the esophagus was examined. At all three time points, BRB, AC, and PCA similarly affected cytokine production in the esophagus and plasma of NMBA-treated rats, relative to the NMBA-only control. These included decreased expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β, and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10. Moreover, all three diets also increased the expression of IL12, a cytokine that activates both cytolytic NK and CD8+ T cells. Additionally, the three diets also decreased infiltration of both macrophages and neutrophils into the esophagus. Overall, our results suggest that another mechanism by which BRBs, ACs, and PCA inhibit NMBA-induced esophageal tumorigenesis is by altering cytokine expression and innate immune cell–trafficking into tumor tissues.

Biography:

Dr. Bai Li (PhD in Public Health and Epidemiology) is from the College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK. Dr Li’s primary research interests include societal/environmental determinants and prevention of childhood obesity and other preventable chronic diseases.

Abstract:

Over the last two decades, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in China exceeded the trends seen in many other countries. Over 30 million Chinese children between the ages of 7 to 18 years are overweight or obese. However, research on contributing factors is limited. Existing prevention programs are inadequate in quantity; they also lack rigorous scientific development involving community members and consideration on sustainability. My talk will begin with an overview on the epidemic of childhood obesity in China, highlighting the key research gaps in this country with regard to environmental risk factors and rigorous development and evaluation of prevention programs. The discussion will then focus on my recently published mixed methods study of environmental risk factors of obesity in Chinese children. We will look at how the findings of this study, alongside the findings of a large complementary qualitative study (undertaken in partnership with a Chinese Centre of Diseases Prevention and Control) informed the design and implementation of the feasibility trial (completed in June 2015) of the CHInese pRimary school children PhYsical activity and DietaRy behAviour chanGes InterventiON (CHIRPY DRAGON program). The results and implications of the feasibility trial will be presented. The effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the finalized CHIRPY DRAGON program will be evaluated through a randomized controlled trial in the city of Guangzhou, involving 40 primary schools (n=1640). The British Consulate in China and the Mayor of Guangzhou city will launch the program in September 2015. The growth journey of CHIRPY DRAGON demonstrates how scientists can engage with public members, stakeholders and policy makers in every stage of intervention development to tackle the rising epidemic of childhood obesity in a country that has undergone rapid socio-economic and nutritional transitions.

Biography:

Caterina Brasacchio is a PhD student in Molecular and Translational Medicine at the University of Milan, Italy. She attends her PhD at the Nephrology and Nutrition Laboratory in the Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital (Milan, Italy). She has a Master degree in Science of Biology applied to Nutrition. She is member of SIOMMMS (Italian Society of Osteoporosis, Mineral Metabolism and Skeleton Disease). She has published 5 papers about nutrition in nephrolithiasis, nutrition and Mediterranean diet, risk of kidney stones in patients with specific genotype. She has participated at NUTRIMI congress (National Congress of Nutrition in Milan).

Abstract:

According to World Health Organization data, the leading causes of death are cardiovascular diseases (CD). Nutritional studies demonstrated a protective role of antioxidants against CD, cancer and obesity. The European study ATHENA aims to study the beneficial effects of antioxidants on human health. We investigated the dietary intake of anthocyanin, vitamin C, vitamin E and beta-carotene in relation to some of cardiovascular risk parameters (BMI, waist circumference, cholesterol LDL and HDL, LDL/HDL ratio, triglycerides) in 493 Caucasian subjects divided in two groups: Group 1 (low antioxidants intake) vs. Group 2 (high antioxidants intake). Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 10 Software. The Group 2 showed lower BMI, waist circumference, cholesterol LDL and LDL/HDL ratio than Group 1. Multiple linear regression, evidenced that in Group 2 a large vitamin C intake was associated to lower LDL (p=0.0015) while a high beta-carotene intake was correlated with higher HDL (p=0.026). If they were assumed together we observed a correlation with a lower LDL/HDL ratio, waist circumference and triglycerides (p=0.005, p=0.033, p=0.037 respectively). Furthermore, the elevate anthocyanin consumption was correlated with lower triglycerides and waist circumference (p=0.01), but when anthocyanin was taken in association with vitamin C and beta-carotene there was a correlation with lower BMI also (p=0.024). In conclusion, a diet with high intake of antioxidants is linked to a reduced CD risk parameters, with major influence of vitamin C and beta-carotene.

Biography:

Lisa Mueller is a partner in Michael Best’s Intellectual Property Practice Group and the Chair of the Life Sciences and Chemical Industry Group. She has extensive experience in biotechnology and pharmaceutical sciences. She also has experience in evaluating, filing and securing trademarks, particularly in the pharmaceutical and life sciences area. She has spoken at Informa’s Conference on Bio-similars and Biotech in Turkey and MENA in November 2014, as well as the ACI’s Bio-similar Conference in June 2014. She has written extensively about life science issues, including bio-similars, in BRIC and other emerging countries.

Abstract:

The nutrition industry continues to mature at a rapid pace and intellectual property is becoming more and more integrated with overall business success. In fact, many nutrition-based companies possess intellectual property that is critical to their bottom line. Studies suggest that upwards of 80 percent of a company’s value may reside in its intellectual property portfolio, including its patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets. Given the significant time, effort and expense involved in creating and maintaining certain types of intellectual property, nutrition-based companies need to develop a worldwide intellectual property strategy that not only protects their intellectual property globally, but also does it in a cost-effective manner. Companies should possess an understanding of the U.S. Intellectual Property Laws and also recognize the advantages and disadvantages of intellectual property systems outside the U.S., particularly in Europe, Japan and the BRIC countries. A sound global IP strategy is crucial for any company aiming to maximize its intellectual property assets and value.

Biography:

Lisa Mueller is a partner in Michael Best’s Intellectual Property Practice Group and the Chair of the Life Sciences and Chemical Industry Group. Ms. Mueller has extensive experience in biotechnology and pharmaceutical sciences. She also has experience in evaluating, filing and securing trademarks, particularly in the pharmaceutical and life sciences area. Ms. Mueller has spoken at Informa’s Conference on Biosimilars and Biotech in Turkey and MENA in November 2014, as well as the ACI’s Biosimilar Conference in June 2014. Ms. Mueller has written extensively about life science issues, including biosimilars, in BRIC and other emerging countries.

Abstract:

The nutrition industry continues to mature at a rapid pace and intellectual property is becoming more and more integrated with overall business success. In fact, many nutrition-based companies possess intellectual property that is critical to their bottom line. Studies suggest that upwards of 80 percent of a company’s value may reside in its intellectual property portfolio, including its patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets. Given the significant time, effort and expense involved in creating and maintaining certain types of intellectual property, nutrition-based companies need to develop a worldwide intellectual property strategy that not only protects their intellectual property globally, but also does it in a cost-effective manner. Companies should possess an understanding of the U.S. intellectual property laws and also recognize the advantages and disadvantages of intellectual property systems outside the U.S., particularly in Europe, Japan and the BRIC countries. A sound global IP strategy is crucial for any company aiming to maximize its intellectual property assets and value.

Biography:

Mrs Alison Burton Shepherd is a Senior Lecturer in Adult Nursing at De Montfort University Leicester UK. In 2010 she became a Queens Nurse, which is an award given for excellence in Nursing Care withing the Community Setting. She works as an Advanced Nurse Practitioner and is an Independent Nurse Prescriber. Mrs Burton-Shepherd is also an Inspector for the Care Quality Commission.

Abstract:

The early years of a child’s life are critical for their health and wellbeing not only in the present day, but also for later on in their lives. Obesity in young children is deemed as one of the most serious public health issues in the 21st Century. Research suggests that the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased significantly in recent years and more of concern, is that many parents are not able to recognise when their child is overweight or obese. Evidence is now emerging which proposes that the causes of obesity are different depending upon the age of the child, which it is suggested could have significant implications for future healthcare. The aim of this presentation is to identify the barriers associated with the recognition of childhood obesity and suggest practical measures in which nurses may be able to work with parents in order to increase parental knowledge and perception of both overweight and obesity, in an attempt to address this public health concern.

Biography:

Keiko Unno was graduated from Shizuoka College of Pharmacy, Japan. She has received her PhD from University of Shizuoka. She is Associate Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka. She has been investigating the prevention of brain senescence by dietary foods such as green tea, Japanese mandarin orange, and soybean. In addition, she has been studying the mechanism of stress-induced brain senescence and its prevention by dietary components.

Abstract:

Effects of soybean extracts were studied in senescence-accelerated (SAMP10) mice, a mouse model of brain senescence with cognitive dysfunction. While mature soybeans usually turn to yellow, the green soybean retains its color after being ripened. Cognitive functions were preserved significantly better in aged mice fed green soybean than age-matched control mice with or without yellow soybean feeding. Molecular mechanisms of the beneficial effect of green soybean on brain functions were examined through transcriptome analysis of SAMP10 hippocampus. The high expression of Ptgds was significantly associated with green soybean diet, which encodes lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase, a putative endogenous amyloid beta (Aβ)-chaperone. In addition, Aplp1 expression was significantly reduced, a member of amyloid precursor proteins. Furthermore, the amount of Aβ 40 and 42 was reduced in the insoluble fraction of cerebral cortex. These results suggest that the intake of green soybean ameliorate cognitive dysfunction of aged mice by reducing of Aβ accumulation. In brain parenchyma, Ptgds is mainly expressed in oligodendrocytes, and the expression of Ptgds is regulated by estradiol directly and indirectly. Soy isoflavones (genistein and daidzein) and the metabolite, equol, bind to estrogen receptors with higher affinity than 17β-estradiol, suggesting that green soybean isoflavones may activate transcription of Ptgds through binding of ER to estrogen response elements. Suppression of aging-dependent accumulation of Aβ by ingestion of dietary foods is an important strategy for prevention of cognitive dysfunction. Green soybean may prevent brain aging in our daily life.

Biography:

Dr.Osama Ibrahim is a highly-experienced Principal Research Scientist with particular expertise in the field of microbiology, molecular biology, food safety, and bioprocessing for both pharmaceutical and food ingredients. He is knowledgeable in microbial screening /culture improvement; molecular biology and fermentation research for antibiotics, enzymes, therapeutic proteins, organic acids and food flavors; Biochemistry for metabolic pathways and enzymes kinetics, enzymes immobilization, bioconversion, and Analytical Biochemistry. Dr. Ibrahim was external research liaison for Kraft Foods with Universities for research projects related to molecular biology and microbial screening and holds three bioprocessing patents. In January 2005, he accepted an early retirement offer from Kraft Foods and in the same year he formed his own biotechnology company providing technical and marketing consultation for new startup biotechnology and food companies. Dr. Ibrahim received his B.S. in Biochemistry with honor and two M.S. degrees in Microbial physiology/ Fermentation and in Applied Microbiology. He received his Ph.D in Basic Medical Science (Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular biology) from New York Medical College. His research dissertation was on the construction of plasmid for the expression of a fusion protein of VEGF121/ Shiga-like toxin as a therapeutic protein for targeting angiogenesis (cancer treatment). Since 1979 he is a member of American Chemical Society, American Society of Microbiology, and Society of Industrial Microbiology.

Abstract:

Prebiotics are the fermentable, non-digestible carbohydrates that stimulate as nutrients the growth and the activity of beneficial bacteria (probiotics) in the digestive system. There are two prebiotics categories: Prebiotics fibers that are naturally occurred in whole grain, broccoli, asparagus, radish, cabbage, etc., and Prebiotics oligosaccharides such as Fracto-oligosaccharide (FOX), Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), Xylo-oligisaccharides (XOS), polydextrine etc. These prebiotics oligosaccharides are increasingly added to foods for their health benefits and are not labeled as fibers in the United States. Prebiotics oligosaccharides are synthetically manufactured or extracted from plants in pure forms. Probiotics are the beneficial bacteria in the colon such as Befidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria. These probiotics bacteria assist in the maintenance of the natural balance of micro flora in the digestive system to reduce the effect of the harmful and pathogenic bacteria in the digestive system, suggesting that these probiotics bacteria can prevent gastrointestinal tract from infection diseases and reduce gut inflammation. It is also, assumed that probiotics bacteria strengthen the immune system. Synbiotics are products that contain both prebiotics and probiotics. These symbiotic products have the non-digestible carbohydrates source (prebiotics) and the good bacteria (probiotics) Manufacturing of the major prebiotics oligosaccharides and the impact of synbiotics on gut health will be highlighted in this presentation.

Biography:

Professor Ann-Sofie Sandberg MSc (Food Science), PhD (Clinical Nutrition), dr techn is Head of the Division of Food and Nutrition Science at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. The major theme in her research is the utilization of biological techniques to improve nutrient properties or physiological function of foods. This includes development of in vitro and in vivo models for the estimation of bioavailability of nutrients and bioactivity of food compounds and human intervention trials. She has an extensive record in the field of phytate/bioavailability of minerals, food processing/bioavailability of nutrients and in the development of analytical methods for measuring nutrients and bioactive compounds e.g. inositol phosphates. She has authored more than 130 scientific articles and is on ISI:s list of Highly cited authors in Agricultural Sciences. She has been elected to the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences and received in 2013 a honorary doctorate in medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg.

Abstract:

Two billion people in the world suffer from iron deficiency. The magnitude of zinc deficiency is likely of the same order. Low absorption from plant-based diets is considered a major factor in the etiology of iron and zinc deficiency. Thus there is a need for sustainable methods for providing more bioavailable iron and zinc. The bioavailability of iron and zinc in plant foods is low due to the presence of inhibitors of iron and zinc absorption, despite a sometimes high content of theses metals. Inhibitors (phytate, and for iron also polyphenols) and enhancers (amino acids, for iron also ascorbic acid) in a meal affect the complexation and solubility of iron and zinc at the site of absorption in the gut and thus the availability. The speciation of iron is also crucial for uptake. Furthermore recent advances in knowledge concerning regulation of iron absorption show that dietary factors (ascorbic acid, calcium, polyphenols) have intracellular effects by influencing the iron uptake and transport proteins in the intestinal epithelial cells. Optimized biological processing techniques (malting, fermentation, addition of enzymes) are a means to substantially improve iron and zinc absorption from plant foods by enzymatic degradation of inhibitors or formation of enhancers. These methods can be used in combination with breeding and genetic engineering for biofortification with zinc, iron (ferritin), reduction of inhibitors and engineered yeast and lactobacillus strains for use in fermentation. Plant based foods then can become good sources of dietary iron and zinc. Efficacy trials in humans are still needed to prove the consequences for prevalence of iron and zinc deficiency on a population level.

Biography:

Ajay Singh has more than 4 years of experience in teaching and Research & Development. He also has an exposure of working on a novel technology i.e. HHP application in dairy technology.

Abstract:

Recent research support the hypothesis that most promising target of functional food is gastrointestinal wellbeing, antioxidant system and metabolism of micronutrients which can be achieved by adding some functional attributes or minimizing existing anti-nutrients so that bioavailability can be enhanced for different fraction of nutrients. Some minimal pre-processing treatments viz., soaking, germination and pearling also add advantageous to consumer health. To develop a diet for celiacs in the form of cookie were optimized using RSM for foxtail millet, copra meal flour and amaranth ingredients which were liked by trained panel of judges for given responses of spread ratio, breaking strength, fiber and overall acceptability.

Biography:

Dr. Varsha Khatry, an Aesthetic Physician from Apollo Hyderabad and has done her Fellowship from Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald and Business studies from IIM (Kolkata) She is one of the principle drivers behind the re- engineering projects for Hospitals, Site Maintenance Organization (SMO) and Disease Management Programs launch in India with Reliance Group of Industries and has successfully managed multiple healthcare projects for various therapeutic areas (Cosmetology, Gastroenterology, Nutrition, Renal, Orthopedics, Oncology, Respiratory, Cardiology) A medico-marketing expert, acknowledged for a broad understanding of the business and emerging healthcare needs across products and services. Authored several articles and had been part of Cancer Nutrition Guidelines for India with reputed experts. Been endorsed by peers and awarded by Abbott Nutrition - India for “Cancer Nutrition Guidelines “and Renal Nutrition clinical research Currently she is a Medical Lead for Pfizer, India handling diversified therapeutic areas which includes Nutrition, Skin, Gastroenterology , Respiratory etc.. Credited and recognized amongst her peers as the first in the country to introduce the concept of ‘ Stress Adaptogens’ and the role of Nutrition

Abstract:

Background : Stress is defined as a state of psychological and/or physiological imbalance resulting from the disparity between situational demand and individual’s ability and/or motivation to meet those demands. Without proper rest, exercise and nutrition to counteract these effects, body continues producing stress response until it is fatigued or exhausted. Body tries to adapt to external stressors in terms of a biological pattern that is actually predictable, so that the internal balance, or homeostasis, would be restored and maintained. In its attempt to retain homeostasis, body makes use of its hormonal system, also known as fight or flight response. With this response, body wants things to be resolved fast and easy, that’s why it already resorts to releasing hormones and enables to combat stress in most immediate way possible. This struggle of body against stress is the main theme of "General Adaptation Syndrome.” It involves two major systems- nervous system and endocrine (or hormonal) system. There are three distinctive stages in syndrome's evolution,- alarm reaction (AR), stage of resistance (SR), stage of exhaustion (SE). Body has its limits to control stress. Limited supply of body’s energy to adapt to stressful environment is even more compromised when the body is exposed to the stressor continuously. Inspite of balanced and healthy diet and some active coping strategies body is unable to cope up with stress and its impact on body Stress Adaptogens is one of the active coping strategies controls and helps body to adapt to stress . Methods: Literature review Aim - Summarize and critically analyze level of scientific evidence of stress adaptogens and provide rationale for its use in “ Stress “ Results: Protective effect of adaptogens is in relation with regulation of homeostasis via HPA axis Conclusion: Stress adaptogens can improve physical performance, mental alertness, and energy levels; reduce oxidative stress in body and balance stress hormones

Biography:

Mr. Mahendra Kumar Trivedi has completed his 5-year Bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering from Madhya Pradesh University, India. In 1995, he discovered his true potential to induce The Trivedi Effect®. He is the founder of the Trivedi Effect. He has a unique ability to transmit an unknown energy through thoughts. He has compiled a remarkable track record of success, including nearly 4,000 well-documented scientific studies on his ability to profoundly affect matter down to the level of the atom. These studies demonstrated that the impact of this energy is physically capable of enhancing the potency of living and non-living matter, which rules out the Placebo effect. He has published more than 25 research papers in peer reviewed journals. Mr. Trivedi’s research works have also been published as a chapter in the book entitled “Life Force, The Scientific Basis: Breakthrough Physics of Energy Medicine, Healing, Chi and Quantum Consciousness” which was written by Dr. Claude Swanson.

Abstract:

Human has the ability to harness the energy from environment or universe and can transmit into any living or non-living object(s) around the Globe. The objects always receive the energy and responding into useful way that is called biofield energy and the process is known as biofield treatment. Mr. Trivedi’s unique biofield energy, known as The Trivedi Effect® that is harnessed from the universe and is responsible for transformation of living organisms and non-living materials and serve a greater purpose for the welfare of humanity. This phenomenon is known to alter the crystal structure and atomic level changes in various ceramics and metals. Furthermore, Mr. Trivedi’s biofield has also transformed at the molecular and cellular level of many things in different areas such as agriculture, microbiology, cancer cells and biotechnology. Based on the voluminous scientific evidences obtained from well planned and controlled experiments conducted in the reputed institutes/organization, it has been established that, The Trivedi Effect® has significantly altered the structural and physico-chemical properties of tested organic and inorganic compounds, polymers, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compounds. The Trivedi Effect® has shown enough, significant and striking data than normal science data which have accrued against a current paradigm. The Trivedi Effect® has limitless application towards human well-being. The Trivedi Effect® has forced science and modern society to take a closer look at our world and the way the Universe operates, and opening a new paradigm of scientific research.

Biography:

Ms.Saira Hussain is a PhD student of Charles Stutt University. She is presently working on the project " Bioactive compounds in canola meal". Ms Hussain's research investigated the extraction of compounds from canola meal using a variety of solvents, examining them for their ability to suppress adipocyte differentiation. Through the study, Ms Hussain is combining her interests in plants and improving human health. Having completed her work in the laboratories in National Life Sciences Hub at CSU, Ms Hussain is currently writing up her PhD. Ms Saira Hussain's PhD is is supervised by Associate Professor Chris Blanchard, and Dr Ata Ur Rehman from the ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Functional Grains.

Abstract:

Background: Canola is a term that refers to cultivars specifically bred from the species Brassica napus L. The species in general is called “rapeseed” or “oilseed rape” (Fang, Reichelt, Hidalgo, Agnolet, & B, 2012; Yang et al., 2014). Canola is mainly produced for the production of canola oil. The meal which remains after oil extraction is of relatively low value and is used mainly for animal feed. This meal may have additional value in the pharmaceutical industry if potential health beneficial bioactive compounds with the ability to combat several modern day ailments could be identified. A combination of alcohols with water appeared to be more efficient than using a single pure solvent for most plant extractions (Chavan, Shahidi & Naczk, 2001; Xu & Chang, 2007), possibly because a combination of solvents is capable of extracting a range of less polar aglycones and sugar attached glycosides (Escribano-Bailon & Santos-Buelga, 2003). Meal extracts produced using different solvents were assessed in different bioassays to identify potential anticancer, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antioxidant, and blood pressure-lowering abilities. Objectives: Canola meal extracts should be prepared different solvents and their characterization. Further identification and characterization of protease inhibitors will be done. Invitro antioxidant and bioactive properties of extracts will be determined their effect will be confirmed through cellular assays. Methods: All canola meal extracts (CMEs) were named according to solvent used for extraction with meal such as water extract (WE), methanol extract (ME), ethanol extract (EE), acetone extract (AE), butanol extract (BE), chloroform extract (CE) and hexane extract (HE). The phytochemical and antioxidant activities in all these extracts were determined by reagent based assay along with High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LCMS) (Obied et al., 2013). Ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography was done for the purification of protease inhibitors. All these extracts were used for the anticancer activity based on topoisomerase inhibition, antidiabtic activity by Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) enzyme inhibition, antihypertensive activity by Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. Cellular assay was done for the inhibition of fat cells using mesenchymal stem cells. Results: The extracts showed varying levels of both the topoisomerase-1 poisoning and inhibition activities which are indicators of anticancer properties. Acetone, butanol, and hexane extracts showed antiobesity activity, inhibiting adipocyte differentiation without causing cell toxicity. However, butanol, acetone and water extracts showed high antidiabetic activity by inhibiting enzyme DPP4 (Dipeptidyl peptidase IV), that plays a major role in glucose metabolism and degradation of incretin called GLP-1 (Glucagon like Peptide). The acetone and methanol extracts showed antioxidant activity. Several protease inhibitors have been implicated in the treatment of different diseases including HIV and diabetes. Protease inhibitors (PIs) were extracted from canola meal and purified to homogeneity from two different canola genotypes. Both the purified PIs exhibited different molecular weight and IEF properties, and displayed antidiabetic activities. Canola genotype 1 compared with genotype 2 showed very strong antidiabetic activity. Water extracts and only the purified protease inhibitor from the genotype 1 showed strong antihypertensive activity through the inhibition of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Conclusions: These potential bioactive and health-functional properties of canola meal extracts may increase the profitability for farmers, processors, food manufacturers, and the pharmaceutical industry.