33^rd European Nutrition and Dietetics Conference

Obesity & Associated Health Disorders

Heart disease and cardiovascular problems, Diabetes, Cancer, Digestive problems, Breathing problems, Arthritis, Sex hormone problems and Kidney disease Obesity is a multifactorial disease caused by a chronic energy extra in which energy intake exceeds energy spending, leading to the accumulation of excess adipose tissue. Obesity is a significant public health issue characterized by an excess of body fat, which can have serious implications for overall health. It is commonly measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI), where a BMI of 30 or higher indicates obesity. This condition is associated with numerous health disorders, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancer. The excess body fat, especially when accumulated around the abdomen, contributes to insulin resistance, increased inflammation, and alterations in lipid metabolism, which exacerbate these health risks, In addition to metabolic and cardiovascular complications, obesity can negatively impact mental health and quality of life. It is often linked to conditions such as depression and anxiety, partly due to social stigma, reduced physical activity, and chronic health problems. Furthermore, obesity can impair mobility and contribute to the development of musculoskeletal disorders, such as osteoarthritis. Addressing obesity typically requires a multifaceted approach that includes lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and, in some cases, medical or surgical interventions to improve overall health outcomes and prevent the progression of associated disorders, Regulation of energy homeostasis is a multipart process, and that fact imparts a considerable challenge in trying to elucidate the pathogenesis of obesity. Although poor lifestyle choices, including unsuitable diets and lack of physical activity, undoubtedly play a large role, genetic susceptibility also puts a discrete at increased risk, The popular of obesity therapies have been intended at behavior modification and pharmacologic interposition, although to date these therapies have led to only unsure weight loss. Although less common, bariatric surgery has led to extensive long-term weight loss in morbidly obese patients; this type of treatment, however, is both offensive and costly.