Nutrition and Food Sciences

Obesity

Obesity is a complex disease involving an excessive amount of body fat. Obesity isn't just a cosmetic concern. It's a medical problem that increases the risk of other diseases and health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and certain cancers, Obesity is a complex and multifaceted health condition characterized by excessive body fat accumulation, often resulting from a combination of genetic, behavioral, environmental, and metabolic factors. It is typically measured using the body mass index (BMI), where a BMI of 30 or higher is classified as obese. The prevalence of obesity has been rising globally, leading to an increased risk of various chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancer. Obesity also significantly impacts quality of life, contributing to physical limitations, psychological issues, and social stigma, The causes of obesity are diverse, encompassing lifestyle choices such as poor diet and lack of physical activity, as well as socioeconomic factors that influence access to healthy food and opportunities for exercise. Additionally, genetic predispositions can affect how the body stores and burns fat. The condition is also associated with environmental factors, such as urbanization and the availability of high-calorie, processed foods. Addressing obesity requires a comprehensive approach that includes public health initiatives, individual lifestyle changes, and medical interventions, all aimed at reducing its prevalence and mitigating its associated health risks.