32^nd European Nutrition and Dietetics Conference

Nutrition in Maternal and Child Health

Nutrition plays a pivotal role in maternal and child health, influencing outcomes from conception through early childhood. Proper maternal nutrition before and during pregnancy is essential for fetal development, reducing risks of birth defects, low birth weight, and preterm delivery. Key nutrients like folic acid, iron, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids are critical for supporting the health of both mother and baby. During lactation, a mother’s diet directly impacts the quality of breast milk, which is the primary source of nutrition for infants. Breastfeeding provides essential nutrients and antibodies, promoting healthy growth and immune system development. For infants who cannot be breastfed, fortified formulas are vital to meet nutritional needs. In early childhood, adequate nutrition is crucial for physical growth, cognitive development, and immune function. Deficiencies in nutrients like iron, iodine, vitamin A, and zinc can lead to stunted growth, developmental delays, and increased susceptibility to infections. Introducing diverse, nutrient-rich foods during weaning helps establish healthy eating habits. Addressing malnutrition in mothers and children requires a holistic approach, including prenatal care, nutrition education, and access to affordable, nutritious foods. Public health programs, such as food fortification and supplementation, play a key role in preventing deficiencies. By prioritizing maternal and child nutrition, societies can ensure healthier generations, reduce healthcare burdens, and break cycles of poverty and poor health.