Nutrition and Food Sciences

Plant-Based Diets

A plant-based diet focuses on consuming whole, minimally processed plant foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds while minimizing or eliminating animal products. This dietary approach has gained popularity due to its health benefits, environmental sustainability, and ethical considerations. Plant-based diets are rich in essential nutrients, including fiber, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which support overall health. They have been linked to a lower risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. The high fiber content promotes gut health, aids digestion, and helps regulate blood sugar levels. Additionally, plant-based diets tend to be lower in saturated fats, reducing the risk of high cholesterol and hypertension. Protein needs can be met through plant-based sources like beans, lentils, tofu, quinoa, and nuts. However, careful planning is necessary to ensure adequate intake of essential nutrients such as vitamin B12, iron, omega-3 fatty acids, and calcium, which are commonly found in animal products. Beyond health benefits, plant-based diets have a lower environmental impact, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, water usage, and deforestation. By adopting a well-balanced plant-based diet, individuals can improve their health while contributing to a more sustainable food system.